Для того, чтобы правильно выполнить задание №2 необходимо усвоить следующие разделы курса английского языка по рекомендуемому учебнику или по имеющемуся грамматическому приложению.

1. Видо-временные формы глагола активного и пассивного залога.

2. Инфинитив, герундий и причастие в предложениях и их обороты.

3. Сослагательное наклонение. Условные предложения I, II, III типов.

4. Союзы в сложноподчиненных предложениях (who, that, which, where, when, whose), и случаи когда они могут не употребляться.

5. Многофункциональность глаголов to be/ to have/ to do.

6. Многофункциональность местоимений it, that, one. Усилительные структуры It is…who/ that; It is only … when; Only…when; It was not until/ before…that; This/ that is where …

Образцы выполнения заданий

Задание 2.1. Перепишите предложения. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужную видо-временную форму активного и пассивного залога. Переведите предложения на русский язык

Образец выполнения

The book she is reading (to write) by Dickens.

was written – была написана

Книга, которую она читает, написана Диккенсом.

Задание 2.2. Перепишите предложения, выделите глаголы to be/ to have/ to do и определите их функцию. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

Образец выполнения

1. He had translated the text by Monday.

had – Past Simple от to have. Вспомогательный глагол для образования Past Perfect had translated.

Он перевел текст к понедельнику.

2.  He had to translate the text by Monday.

had to – Past от to have. Эквивалент модального глагола must – должен.

Он должен был перевести текст к понедельнику.

Задание 2.3. Перепишите предложения. Выделите служебные слова it, that, one, определите их функцию и переведите предложения на русский язык. Распознайте усилительную конструкцию It is/ was … who/ that – именно…; It was no before/ until … when – только после…; this/ that is where … - вот где.

Образец выполнения

1. It is cold today, put on your coat.

It – формальное подлежащее, при переводе опускается.

Холодно сегодня, наденьте пальто.

2. Give me a cup of tea and put some sugar into it.

It – личное местоимение, употребляется как заменитель слова cup.

Дайте мне чашку чая и положите сахар в нее.

Задание 2.4. Перепишите предложения. Заполните пропуски одним из союзных слов (who, that, what, which, where, when, whose), укажите, в каких предложениях союз можно не употреблять). Переведите предложения на русский язык.

Образец выполнения

1. Name the city … is the capital of the USA.

Name the city which is the capital of the USA.

Назовите город, который является столицей США.

2. Name the continent … kangaroos come from.

Name the continent that kangaroos come from. (можно опустить)

Назовите континент, откуда происходят кенгуру.

Задание 2.5. Перепишите предложения. Выделите инфинитив, герундий и причастие и определите их функцию. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

Образец выполнения

1. She stopped answering my letters.

answering – герундий Simple Active, часть составного сказуемого stopped answering.

Она перестала отвечать на мои письма.

2. The work to be done at home is very important for us.

to be done – инфинитив Simple Passive voice;

the work + to be done – определение.

Работа, которую нужно выполнить дома, очень важна для нас.

Задание 2.6. Перепишите предложения, распознайте и выделите инфинитивные обороты – объектный, субъектный, определительный и обстоятельственный.

Образец выполнения

1. She is considered to be a good specialist.

She … to be – субъектный инфинитивный оборот.

Считают, что она является хорошим специалистом или Она, как считают, является хорошим специалистом.

2. She saw him enter the room.

him enter – сложное дополнение с инфинитивом (без to, т.к. ему предшествует глагол восприятия органов чувств saw)

Она видела, что он вошел в комнату.

3. This is a dress to be found in any shop now.

a dress to be found – инфинитив Simple Passive, определительный инфинитивный оборот.

Это платье, которое можно найти в любом магазине.

Задание 2.7. Перепишите предложения, выделите причастные обороты – определительный, дополнительный, обстоятельственный и независимый.

Образец выполнения

1. We saw him walking along the street.

him working – сложное дополнение с причастием (Complex Object)

Мы видели, как он шел по улице.

2. His mother being ill, he could not go to the concert.

being – Participle I Simple Active V., входит в состав независимого причастного оборота: существительное + причастие, отделено знаком «запятая».

Так как его мама была больна, он пне смог пойти на концерт.

3. Having received a negative answer, he decided to try again.

Having received – Participle I Perfect Active V., в составе обстоятельственного причастного оборота.

После того, как получил отрицательный ответ, он решил сделать еще одну попытку.

Задание 2.8. Сослагательное наклонение. Перепишите предложения. Определите тип условного предложения, переведите предложение на русский язык.

Образец выполнения

1. If I don’t feel well tomorrow, I won’t go to work.

If + don’t feel + won’t + go = I тип

Если я не буду чувствовать себя хорошо завтра, я не пойду на работу.

2. If I had had free time, I should have devoted it to reading.

If + had had + should + have devoted = III тип

Если бы у меня было время (тогда), я бы посвятил его чтению.

Задание 2.9. Выберите текст для профессиональной коммуникации. Прочтите его. Контроль понимания – устный перевод.

Выразите основную идею текста и свое отношение к ней на английском языке, а также 

- проанализируйте глаголы-сказуемые в предложениях;

- найдите сложноподчиненные предложения и определите как они соединены;

- распознайте инфинитивные, герундиальные и причастные обороты в предложениях.

Вариант 1

Задание 1. Перепишите предложения. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужную видо-временную форму активного и пассивного залога. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The local newspaper (to publish) colour photos of the phenomenon three days ago.

2. The demand (потребность) for paper (to increase) throughout this period.

3. The new public library (to open) for the public this month.

4. Independence Day (to celebrate) by Americans on July 4.

5. The Levinson Prize (to award – присуждать) annually for an original essay in the history of technology.

6. By that time Hulme (to replace – заменить) by a new professor with the name of Lynn White.

7. Little (to know) about high-speed diesel engines at that time.

8. Earthquakes (to occur – происходить) deep in Earth.

9. They (not to discuss) pilot training and weapons storage.

10.Science (to improve – улучшать) the quality of our lives.

Задание 2. Перепишите предложения, выделите глаголы to be/ to have/ to do и определите их функцию. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The potential market for diesel engines had increased in France by the 1920s.

2. The potential market for diesel engines had to increase as (так как) their production was growing.

3. Germany is to hand over (передать) part of its aircraft fleet to a private (частный) Anglo-German Company.

4. The scientists’ only obligation (долг) is to make the results of research known to the public (общественность).

5. How did he and his colleagues acquire (приобретать) their scientific knowledge?

6. These volumes (книги) do provide some additional information on aerospace industries.

7. How do we guarantee the safety (безопасность) of those who handle nuclear materials?

Задание 3. Перепишите предложения. Выделите служебные слова it, that, one, определите их функцию и переведите предложения на русский язык. Распознайте усилительную конструкцию It is/ was … who/ that – именно…; It was no before/ until … when – только после…

1. Our results show that H2O is in talk-bearing rocks.

2. One of the most interesting rooms in British museum is the one devoted to Egypt.

3. In the West End of London one can see the famous St. Paul’s Cathedral.

4. It was steam engines that fascinated the public of the exhibition.

5. It was not before the year 1940 that a commercial electron microscope had been produced.

6. It was not before April when the equipment was delivered to the laboratory.

Задание 4. Перепишите предложения. Заполните пропуски одним из союзных слов (who, that, what, which, where, when, whose), укажите, в каких предложениях союз можно не употреблять). Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The chip is covered by an anti-reflection coating (оболочка) … minimizes the reflectivity.

2. The greatest difficulties arise … complicated zircons are analyzed.

3. Radical Party leader said … his party was leaving the government.

4. We want people … are proud to be part of our team (коллектив).

5. There are good reasons … digital displays are widely used in the aviation industry.

6. We produce one panel … replaces up to 30 traditional analogue dials (шкала).

7. The first signs of danger appeared in Belgium … almost 50 people were admitted to hospital.

Задание 5. Перепишите предложения. Выделите инфинитив, герундий и причастие и определите их функцию. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Recognizing that there was a great future for jet engines, he concentrated on making products of his own design.

2. It takes only 150 litres of fuel per (на каждого) passenger to fly across the USA.

3. The two companies are competing for a contract to be settled by the end of the year.

4. Almost 50 people were admitted to hospital suffering from nausea (тошнота) after drinking Coke products.

5. A Trent 500 engine will start testing later this month.

6. The problem of finding long-term (долгосрочный) financing for the air-craft remained.

Задание 6. Перепишите предложения, распознайте и выделите инфинитивные обороты – объектный, субъектный, определительный и обстоятельственный.

1. To improve space weather forecasting researchers are studying the Sun.

2. The deal (сделка) is expected to be concluded later this year.

3. The technology will enable Delt-air company to provide employees and customers with the information they require.

4. We are making every effort to restore services to normal as fast as possible.

5. Air Force will put new instruments on weather satellites to provide better predictions.

6. The industry is likely (вероятно) to lose money in 2010.

7. Each production requires an engineer to make repairs.

8. Photonic crystals are designed to block a given wavelength.

Задание 7. Перепишите предложения, выделите причастные обороты – определительный, дополнительный, обстоятельственный и независимый.

1. In the same year, 30000 trucks were produced in France, one –fourth of them being delivered to the Army.

2. The organizers attracted around 400 exhibitors (участник выставки) including around 50 aircraft manufacturers.

3. More than 100 million Lee Plugs (переключатель) have been installed in aircraft flying all over the world.

4. Using optical fibers we will be able to restore balance to our communication networks.

5. The plasma having been heated to temperature of about 100 million degrees Celsius, nuclei fuse and give off neutrons.

6. No one liked the machinery being tested without any preliminary agreement.

7. The consortium has developed most of the electronics, optics, and lasers needed for working systems.

Задание 8. Сослагательное наклонение. Перепишите предложения. Определите тип условного предложения, переведите предложение на русский язык.

1. If anyone had known about this small discrepancy (несоответствие), he or she might have ascribed (приписать) it to flattening (уплощение).

2. If we have a significant problem, we will discuss it with our partner.

3. If a couple of satellites went off-line, we could miss the big match on satellite TV.

4. If they have been part of the development phase, they will not necessarily (обязательно) be part of the production phase.

5. Snowmobiles would be accused of (считаться) being too noisy if you had them running through your back yard (по двору) all the time.

Задание 9. Смотрите образцы выполнения заданий.

Вариант 2

Задание 1. Перепишите предложения. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужную видо-временную форму активного и пассивного залога. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The mechanic (to repair - ремонтировать) our car by Saturday.

2. The new machines (not to test – испытывать) in the near future.

3. These two engines (to generate – производить, генерировать) enough electric power for a town.

4. Flight controls (to damage – повредить) by the energy pulse.

5. The fact that women leave science (to document – отражать в документах) well.

6. Disaster (to strike – ударить, поразить) the Institute of Radioastronomy in France for the second time this year.

7. Surprising information on human immunodeficiency (to obtain – получать) from an animal model of viral transmission.

8. Later teachers (to recognize – признавать) the importance of the subtechnical and technical words and phrases.

9. Students were given a text from a technical journal and they (to show – показывать) a great interest in it.

10.The Web (to use – использовать) extensively for research and  for communication via e-mail.

Задание 2. Перепишите предложения, выделите глаголы to be/ to have/ to do и определите их функцию. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Though the war did not threaten any vital US interests, it did cause important problems.

2. The US Department participated less actively in the international environment than did its European counterparts (коллеги).

3. Before the fuel entered the cylinder, it had to pass through a wide injection channel.

4. An atom-beam microscope will be a unique instrument for examining structures.

5. Six helicopters are to be produced within a year.

6. The company has 41 firm orders.

7. The consortium has developed most of the electronics optics and lasers needed for working systems.

8. The company will have to do some work on a civil supersonic aircraft.

Задание 3. Перепишите предложения. Выделите служебные слова it, that, one, определите их функцию и переведите предложения на русский язык. Распознайте усилительную конструкцию It is/ was … who/ that – именно…; It was no before/ until … when – только после…

1. One can find the necessary information in this journal.

2. It is believed that the telephone was invented by A.G. Bell.

3. Similar problems appeared one year later.

4. It was thus (таким образом) that he began to investigate the airplane propeller.

5. Opening new streets or widening existing ones caused great protest.

6. The Eiffel Tower came in for a lot criticism when it was first built.

Задание 4. Перепишите предложения. Заполните пропуски одним из союзных слов (who, what, that, which, where, when, whose), укажите, в каких предложениях союз можно не употреблять). Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. We have good prospects in Norway… they want 20 to 30 aircraft.

2. Control of another satellite was lost … its gyroscopes were disrupted (вышли из строя).

3. The European Space Agency said … five more experiments will be made next year.

4. Who knows … may happen in the future.

5. We want people … are proud to be part of the team (коллектив) … they see the aircraft flying.

6. The professor was a man … work I had admired (восхищаться).

7. The disruptions (перебои в работе) … we have faced are now behind us.

Задание 5. Перепишите предложения. Выделите инфинитив, герундий и причастие и определите их функцию. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. At the show yesterday the company demonstrated weapons to be fired from ground, shipborne or submarine platforms.

2. The organizers expect to attract around 400 exhibitors (участник выставки), including 50 aircraft manufacturers (изготовители).

3. The company concentrated on making products of its own design.

4. Small rocked thrusters (пушки) on a satellite started firing, shifting (to shift – смещать) the spacecraft out of its position.

5. To provide improved passenger comfort Boeing has ordered 150 new air-conditioning units.

6. The 11 helicopters being built now are for the British Ministry of Defense.

Задание 6. Перепишите предложения, распознайте и выделите инфинитивные обороты – объектный, субъектный, определительный и обстоятельственный.    

1. The market for aircraft is likely to be about 1,040 units over the next 20 years.

2. We expect the contract for 60 to 90 aircraft to be signed by the end of the year.

3. The sun is expected to leave with solar flares and solar explosion.

4. The 15-week test programme to check the effectiveness of the equipment has been finished successfully.

5. Someone is supposed to have said that the best place in Paris was the top of the Eiffel Tower.

6. The new maintenance venture (предприятие), to be called Central European Engine Services, will service engines worldwide.

7. We expect commercial aviation aircraft to continue the trend (тенденция) toward more in-flight comfort.

8. Engineers from different countries met at annual conferences to exchange information and discuss common problems.

9. In order to (для того, чтобы) provide engineers with a better understanding of economic and business, some schools offered industrial engineering programs.

Задание 7. Перепишите предложения, выделите причастные обороты – определительный, дополнительный, обстоятельственный и независимый.

1. When asked, the crew denied having consumed alcohol.

2. They are working with existing materials, looking for ways to preserve the holograms longer.

3. The temperature of air leaving the engine’s compressor is 10% of the temperature of the surface of the sun.

4. A gas mixture will change slightly, heavy gases moving toward colder regions.

5. There is big interest in weight being taken out of aircraft.

6. The patents being useful to the businesses of the company, the company will give due (соответствующий) rewards to the patentees (автор патента).

7. This photograph shows the Graf Zeppelin flying over the train station.

Задание 8. Сослагательное наклонение. Перепишите предложения. Определите тип условного предложения, переведите предложение на русский язык.

1. If the fire alarm goes off, evacuate the buildings immediately.

2. If I were you, I would see a lawyer.

3. If we have a significant problem, we will discuss it with our partner.

4. If any threat (угроза) remained a limited strategic system could be more destabilizing than a complete one.

5. Flame and smokeproof (дымонепроницаемое) barriers would have isolated the fire from the rest of the train if fire suppression systems had been activated.

Задание 9. Смотрите образцы выполнения заданий.

Вариант 3

Задание 1. Перепишите предложения. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужную видо-временную форму активного и пассивного залога. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The company (to manage – суметь) to sell its first diesel truck in 1930.

2. The market for diesel-powered truck (to open – открывать) in the early 1930s.

3. Now this methodological research (to sponsor – спонсировать) by Siemens.

4. AMR Corporation (to lower – снизить) its total expenses by 20 % this year.

5. We (to prepare – готовиться) for a long time, and we are ready.

6. These points (to debate – обсуждать) widely.

7. Many companies (to transfer – передавать) from government to private ownership.

8. Over the next three years sales (not to exceed – не превышать) 300 aircraft per year.

9. The domestic market (to build – строить, создавать) in the next few years.

10.Two successful shuttle flights (to complete – выполнять, закончить) so far (пока что) this year.

Задание 2. Перепишите предложения, выделите глаголы to be/ to have/ to do и определите их функцию. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Although Mitsubishi had to import materials, production was successful from the start.

2. The current phase of the program is to be finished in 2010.

3. The Transportation Department does plan to explore the costs of retiring (списанный) aircraft.

4. Preparations are being made for new tests.

5. These materials do not emit toxic substances if a vehicle catches fire.

6. Lawmakers (законодатели) will have a clearer picture by next year. 

7. The company is on the verge (грань, край) of bankruptcy.

8. This Aerospace Group in Halifax does any repair of Canadian helicopters and may assemble the new EH-101.

Задание 3. Перепишите предложения. Выделите служебные слова it, that, one, определите их функцию и переведите предложения на русский язык. Распознайте усилительную конструкцию It is/ was … who/ that – именно…; It was no before/ until … when – только после…; This/ that is where – вот где.

1. It is the engineer who solves problems.

2. Maybe the loss of that older generation of engineers is also an influence.

3. One never knows when some new element is to be introduced.

4. One paper is based on important documents only recently discovered.

5. The author concludes his (paper) The Terror of the Machine by describing a nightmare, one from his childhood.

6. Their task is more difficult than that of their predecessors (предшественники).

Задание 4. Перепишите предложения. Заполните пропуски одним из союзных слов (who, what, that, which, where, when, whose), укажите, в каких предложениях союз можно не употреблять). Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The failure (сбой в работе) occurred … the second stage did not separate from the satellite on ground command.

2. People … use maps can learn from them.

3. The show will reveal (to reveal – выявить) a market … potential customers can make their deals (сделки).

4. Manufacturers have confirmed … they are discussing the problems of further partnership.

5. Participants in the company believed … the time had come for a change.

6. This agreement can lead to long-term (долгосрочный) cooperation … is very important to us and Poland.

7. He had designed two chambers … looked very similar (похожий), but … function was not the same.

Задание 5. Перепишите предложения. Выделите инфинитив, герундий и причастие и определите их функцию. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Ariane 5 exploded in June 1996 while carrying four space probes (зонд).

2. For the past few years, astronomers have been working on a solution called adaptive optics.

3. Smoking or even carrying matches were prohibited in the laboratory buildings.

4. They began working in an experimental mode (режим).

5. To learn to fly one must learn to balance.

6. Young women in high school should be encouraged (поощрять) to study mathematics.

Задание 6. Перепишите предложения, распознайте и выделите инфинитивные обороты – объектный, субъектный, определительный и обстоятельственный.

1. In 1961, railroads seemed to be dying a slow death.

2. We are making every effort (усилие, старание) to restore services to normal as fast as possible.

3. The aim of the school was acquiring (to acquire – приобретать) knowledge to be applied in engineering.

4. We expect the Japanese to take over (взять под свой контроль) the ground equipment market.

5. In order to block a given wavelength, photonic crystals have been designed.

6. The decision proved to be commercially disastrous.

7. Professor V. wanted engineering students to learn something about history of engineering.

8. There are problems to be solved before parallel computers replace today’s supercomputers.

9. To save the company, Bombardier turned to specialized overland vehicles.

Задание 7. Перепишите предложения, выделите причастные обороты – определительный, дополнительный, обстоятельственный и независимый.

1. Customers want avionics expertise expanded to embrace video and audio services.

2. The Administration plan to reduce the defense budget by 2 % per year, not counting inflation.

3. The amount of light reflected by the planet indicates that it must be the size of Jupiter.

4. Boeing 747 remains the Queen of the skies, higher gross weight and quitere versions being planned.

5. The satellite market becoming greater, the ground segment of it grows as (как) the equipment business.

6. Peugeot experimented on ignition being caused by high pressure in the cylinder.

7. Congress wants military exports restricted.

Задание 8. Сослагательное наклонение. Перепишите предложения. Определите тип условного предложения, переведите предложение на русский язык.

1. “If I had not been chased (to chase – гнать) out of France, the engine might have been French”, Diesel commented.

2. If the patents are serviceable to the business of the company, the company will give due (соответствующий) reward to the patentees.

3. The same thing could be said of automobiles if you had them running through your back yard all the time.

4. If these parts (детали) get proper care, the airplane will last indefinitely (неопределенно долго).

5. If we in Canada were recognized as part of the North American industrial base, we would be fine.

Задание 9. Смотрите образцы выполнения заданий.

Вариант 4

Задание 1. Перепишите предложения. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужную видо-временную форму активного или пассивного залога. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. She (to know – знать) how to deal with computers.

2. By the end of 1980s the price of solar cells (to drop – падать) considerably.

3. I already (to fix – ремонтировать) the tap when Sam  (to offer – предложить) to help me.

4. This effect … (to reduce – снижать, уменьшать) by the use of a specially developed coating (покрытие).

5. Astronauts … (not to change – не менять) film during the mission (полет).

6. This machine (to develop – создавать) in response to the need of a less costly machine.

7. Participants at the last session (to explore – исследовать) this unusual seismic activity.

8. The space crew (экипаж) (to observe – наблюдать) the Earth-Sun environment using identical instruments.

9. Data from particle physics experiments (to sort – сортировать) and stored in the same way.

10.This design (to adjust – приспособить) to the market much better than the previous one.

Задание 2. Перепишите предложения, выделите глаголы to be/ to have/ to do и определите их функцию. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Photons in photonic crystals should obey (to obey – подчиняться, слушаться) the same principles as do electrons in semiconductors.

2. These systems are to be lighter, more reliable and more fault tolerant.

3. Newer machines had a long useful life.

4. The aim of the experiment was to synthesize 10 A phase in the same reaction.

5. They will have to record holograms quickly, preserve them and erase old data.

6. The company will have to do some work in that field of production.

7. When satellites do take off, there is no guarantee that they will teach their destination.

8. Did you know that around 25 tons of air passes through the engine every minute?

Задание 3. Перепишите предложения. Выделите служебные слова it, that, one, определите их функцию и переведите предложения на русский язык. Распознайте усилительную конструкцию It is/ was … who/ that – именно…; It was not before/ until … when – только после…; This/ that is where – вот где.

1. There is also a danger that this technology could be used against the US.

2. It is here that the analysis begins to weaken.

3. One paper is based on important documents only recently discovered.

4. That highway would serve as an important link in the transportation system. It took nearly ten years to complete it.

5. There are certainly parallels between the development of the snowmobile and that of the automobile.

6. One often gets a sense (чувство) that the diplomats work at one speed while political events rush along at a much faster one.

Задание 4. Перепишите предложения. Заполните пропуски одним из союзных слов (who, what, that, which, where, when, whose), укажите, в каких предложениях союз можно не употреблять). Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1.  All engines … ignition starts as a result of high pressures, are called “Diesel engines”.

2. We have already found … will take the job.

3. Increasing capacity (объем грузоперевозок) is the only solution … we should accept.

4. He told … it would cost $ 800 million to start the program.

5. The women programmed the machine … no one had formerly tested.

6. The luminosity (освещенность) decreased sharply … the planet was passing in front of the star.

7. Steven Vogel, a professor of biology, … field is biomechanics, explains how non-metallic man-made materials avoid catastrophic cracking.

Задание 5. Перепишите предложения. Выделите инфинитив, герундий и причастие и определите их функцию. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Difficulties still remain in achieving high precision (точность).

2. Some people decided to get out of the sport, especially after they sustained injury (травма).

3. Programming was a woman’s job.

4. There are problems to be solved.

5. There must have been a learning process constantly accompanying (to accompany – сопутствовать) this technology transfer.

6. There were differences in the philosophy used by social workers in developing countries.

Задание 6. Перепишите предложения, распознайте и выделите инфинитивные обороты – объектный, субъектный, определительный и обстоятельственный.

1. Agricultural aircraft are being designed to meet (соответствовать) certification standards.

2. Operators watched the process speed up.

3. In order to maintain production schedules (график) the company has continued with a normal five-day workweek.

4. This industry is expected to grow at a rate of 5,9 % annually.

5. The aim of this school was developing knowledge to be applied to engineering.

6. The engine seems to have created more interest in engineering circles than among potential customers.

7. The professor wanted engineering students to learn something about history of engineering.

8. Plans to begin operations are still being delayed (to delay – откладывать).

9. Programmes will allow several engineers to work interactively on the same problem.

Задание 7. Перепишите предложения, выделите причастные обороты – определительный, дополнительный, обстоятельственный и независимый.

1. Business leaders having made mistakes, success often came when they hired (to hire – нанимать) the right scientist-manager.

2. Researchers can track position of the fields on the Sun with a device called magnetometer.

3. Fuel today hovering around 60 cents per gallon, it may reach about $ 1 per gallon in near future.

4. He expects a draft bill (законопроект) written by the ends of April.

5. A constellation of satellites operating around the clock generates great amounts of data.

6. Everything is automated, including quality control.

7. We expect satellites increasing in size to new levels of some 3,4 tons, satellite lifetime being extended.

Задание 8. Сослагательное наклонение. Перепишите предложения. Определите тип условного предложения, переведите предложение на русский язык.

1. If the printers were fully developed, where would you sell them?

2  If allowed by payload (грузоподъемность) design, the payload module would be based on the same structure as the main platform.

3. If the economy remains active, demand for new aircraft will rise as aging aircraft are replaced.

4. Had the machine not been available, the job would have kept busy 100 trained men for a whole year.

5. If this scholarly trend (направление в науке) continues, it will be with benefits (польза).

Задание 9. Смотрите образцы выполнения заданий. Горное дело.!!!!

Выберите текст для профессиональной коммуникации. Прочтите его. Контроль понимания – устный перевод.

Выразите основную идею текста и свое отношение к ней на английском языке, а также 

- проанализируйте глаголы-сказуемые в предложениях;

- найдите сложноподчиненные предложения и определите как они соединены;

- распознайте инфинитивные, герундиальные и причастные обороты в предложениях.

Вариант 5

Задание 1. Перепишите предложения. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужную видо-временную форму активного или пассивного залога. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The train (to slow down – замедлять ход) before our eyes.

2. … any problems … (to arise – возникать) in the lining (облицовка) of the tunnel?

3. The first truck with a diesel … (to show – показывать) at the Paris exhibition in the spring of 1928.

4. About 280 of the aircraft … (to modify – модифицировать, реконструировать) to date.

5. Automobile … (to buy) and … (to use) for basic convenience and as a manifestation of social status.

6. Most parts of the technology … (to make - делать) good progress since that early demonstration.

7. The company … just … (to go through – пройти, перенести) a difficult period, but again was ready to start new project.

8. Some towns … (to ban – запрещать) snowmobiles outright.

9. The first motor … (to manufacture – изготовлять) in 1911 and the industry … (to progress) slowly until World War II.

10.The current phase of the program … (to finish) in 5 years.

Задание 2. Перепишите предложения, выделите глаголы to be/ to have/ to do и определите их функцию. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Deliveries (доставка) are to begin in March.

2. The engineers did not reveal the full extent of work.

3. One aircraft is being used as a demonstrator (экспонат).

4. The expedition had to repair a defective segment of the telegraph cable.

5. Technical textbooks serve the same function in engineering practice as grammars do for linguistic usage.

6. Our task is to link the countries of Europe and America.

7. Only in times of war or crisis did the US Government intervene actively in the international radio communications.

8. France had brilliant engineers, business people and plentiful capital.

Задание 3. Перепишите предложения. Выделите служебные слова it, that, one, определите их функцию и переведите предложения на русский язык. Распознайте усилительную конструкцию It is/ was … who/ that – именно…; It was not before/ until … when – только после…; This/ that is where – вот где.

1. The Interspace complex in France is one of the most advanced test centres in Europe.

2. It was found that the zone beneath northeastern Japan was much colder.

3. They aren’t the only ones interested in resurrecting (воскрешение) a mammoth.

4. This is where the future lies for science and technology.

5. It is the skill of the driver that makes the snowmobile glide and drift and speed.

6. The result is a good book, one which contains an excellent review of literature.

Задание 4. Перепишите предложения. Заполните пропуски одним из союзных слов (who, what, that, which, where, when, whose), укажите, в каких предложениях союз можно не употреблять). Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. There is no guarantee … the satellite will reach its destination (точка назначения).

2. We have shown … high-pressure reactions can be observed under dynamic conditions.

3. There were twenty-three researchers and curators at the museum … it opened.

4. The program has entered the final phase of demonstration … began in November.

5. We can demonstrated … people also respond to technology with enthusiasm.

6. A medal is presented annually to an individual … has made an outstanding contribution to technology.

7. Present this information to people … need it and … they need it.

Задание 5. Перепишите предложения. Выделите инфинитив, герундий и причастие и определите их функцию. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. New methods of solving problems using parallel processors need to be developed.

2. Ford Aerospace has successfully completed (to complete – завершать) testing the components.

3. You must go out in the world and do something.

4. Micromagnetic simulations were used to investigate the demagnetization processes.

5. Engineers wanted answers faster than women could supply them using available (имеющийся в наличии) technology.

6. The Administration plan to reduce the defense budget total by 2 % per year, not counting inflation.

Задание 6. Перепишите предложения, распознайте и выделите инфинитивные обороты – объектный, субъектный, определительный и обстоятельственный.

1. Oceanic crust is predicted to transform to eclogite.

2. Property owners rejected (to reject – возражать) increased taxes to pay for infrastructure work.

3. The industry is likely to lose money in 2010.

4. In order to produce these new models, the company opened branch plants.

5. Each program is expected to find ways to cut costs (затраты).

6. Administration wants the program to move forward to its completion.

7. Each thermal pump required an engineer to make repairs.

8. The aim of this school was acquiring (приобретение) knowledge to be applied in engineering.

9. To improve space Weather forecasting (прогнозирование), researchers are studying the sun.

Задание 7. Перепишите предложения, выделите причастные обороты – определительный, дополнительный, обстоятельственный и независимый.

1. All personnel working in the building were evacuated.

2. In the case being considered here, the critical Reynold’s number is close to the lower limit.

3. Having no adequate protection, satellites or astronauts can be in danger.

4. In the same year 30000 trucks were produced in France, one-fourth of them being delivered to the military.

5. Students see their engineering professors paying attention to history of technology.

6. Product sales represented 57 % of total revenues (доходы), the remained coming from special projects.

7. The city engineers proposed for a wide boulevard extending between the east and west boundaries (границы) of the city.

Задание 8. Сослагательное наклонение. Перепишите предложения. Определите тип условного предложения, переведите предложение на русский язык.

1. If a motor-car is noisy and goes like a hell, it will sell.

2. If this scholarly trend (тенденция) continues, it will be with benefits (польза).

3. If they were not technicians, how would decide what to built?

4. The problem could have been avoided if a different kind of transport had been used.

If we traveled to the Third World, our doctors would vaccinate us to prevent hepatitis.

Задание 9. Смотрите образцы выполнения заданий.