Выполнение контрольных заданий и оформление контрольных работ

Номер контрольной работы должен соответствовать курсу обучения. Студенты 1-го курса выполняют контрольную работу № 1; студенты 2-го курса – контрольную работу № 2; студенты 3-го курса (специальность «Коммерция», третий год обучения) – контрольную работу № 3; студенты 4-го курса (ускоренный курс обучения) – контрольную работу № 4.

Студенты должны выполнить один из трёх вариантов в соответствии с последней цифрой шифра студенческого билета: студенты, шифр которых оканчивается на 1, 2, 3, выполняют вариант 1; на 4, 5, 6 – вариант 2; на 7, 8, 9 и 0 – вариант 3.

Выполнять контрольные работы следует в печатном виде или в отдельной тетради. На титульном листе необходимо написать свою фамилию, шифр, номер контрольной работы и вариант.

Задания к упражнениям следует переписывать.

Материал контрольной работы располагать по образцу:

Рекомендуемая литература:

1. Английский язык : учебное пособие для студентов экономических специальностей заочного отделения / сост. кафедра иностранных языков ХГАЭП. – Хабаровск : РИЦ ХГАЭП, 1998

2. Учебник по грамматике английского языка любого автора.

3. Методические указания по организации самостоятельной работе студентов заочной и очной формы обучения, изучающих иностранные языки / сост. О. В. Селивёрстова. – Хабаровск : РИЦ ХГАЭП, 2008. – 32 с.

Требования к самостоятельной работе студентов I курса заочной формы обучения всех специальностей

Студент должен самостоятельно перевести текст объёмом 5 000 печатных знаков и составить к нему словарь (использовать газету «Moscow News» или другой источник на английском языке), знать содержание текста на русском языке.

Студент считается допущенным к зачёту, если он сдал самостоятельную работу преподавателю (в форме собеседования) и выполнил контрольную работу № 1.

Зачёт

1. Чтение и перевод незнакомого экономического текста со словарём.

Объём – 800 печатных знаков за 45 минут;

2. Собеседование по заданным темам: «О себе», «Рабочий день», «Мой город». 

Контрольная работа № 1

Для того чтобы правильно выполнить работу № 1, необходимо изучить следующие разделы курса английской грамматики:

1. Имя существительное: притяжательный падеж, образование множественного числа, словообразование, определение, выраженное именем существительным.

2. Имя прилагательное: степени и формы сравнения прилагательных.

3. Местоимения: личные, притяжательные, вопросительные, указательные, неопределённые и отрицательные.

4. Времена активного залога (Active Voice): Indefinite (Present, Past, Future); Continuous (Present, Past, Future); Perfect (Present, Past, Future). Правила их образования и употребления. Способы их перевода на русский язык.

5. Способы образования вопросительных предложений.

Вариант 1

I. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод существительных. Подчеркните существительные в предложениях.

1. The financing section usually includes costs, a bank loan, credit cards, self finance and salary.

2. One of small business owners’ downfalls is that they lack accurate customer history and customer information.

3.  You will need a substantial investment of time and money.

4.  Operating your own business requires a lot of responsibility.

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимания на формы и степень сравнения прилагательных.

1. The more money you can bring in, without spending money, the more profitable you are going to be.

2. Help future customers learn more about you and why your products or services are better for them.

3. The customers of a small business are its best asset.

4. I think it is easier to make your own website.

III. Перепишите, в каждом предложении подчеркните глагол-сказуемое, определите его видовременную форму и залог. Письменно переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Debit cards are becoming especially popular.

2. The business plan evaluates your competitors.

3. How will you pay the costs to start and run your business?

4. After I had determined marketing needs, I started to develop a financing section in my business plan.

IV. Задайте вопросы к подчёркнутым словам.

1. Many service businesses such as accounting firms build their practices through word-of-mouth referrals.

2. He used every technology available because he wanted to give his business a competitive advantage.

3. Most people will choose to carry Visa, MasterCard, American Express and Discover.

4. The goal of accepting credit cards is to help customers self-finance their purchases when they don't use cash.

V. Перепишите и письменно переведите экономический текст.

How to Start Your Own Business

Running your own business is a rewarding but engaging career and life choice. It demands your time and focus. There are many different opinions about how to start a business from researching and writing a detailed business plan – to organize it all – to just jumping into a passion and trying to make money out of it.

Start with your idea. This probably isn't a brand new invention or product. In fact, many successful small businesses have found a way to deliver an existing service or product more efficiently and economically or have customized an existing product or service to fit an opportunity.

Put together a business plan. This doesn't require hundreds of pages with thousands of charts. Include research into things like how much you can charge for your product/service, how much it will cost to produce or deliver (include variable & fixed costs), and the size of your potential market (i.e. number of customers).

Вариант 2

I. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод существительных. Подчеркните существительные в предложении.

1. Government spending greatly influences a country’s economic growth.

2. Make your business plan presentation to explain why your product is the best.

3. When you test your theories about the market, you get more ideas and improvements.

4. There are a lot of limited liability companies in the United States of America. 

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимания на формы и степень сравнения прилагательных.

1. Owning your own business is probably one of the most rewarding experiences in your life.

2.  Take time to research and consider what is best for you.

3.  I think on-line business is more practical and easier.

4. The less you spend, the more money you'll have for savings and debt reduction.

III. Перепишите, в каждом предложении подчеркните глагол-сказуемое, определите его видовременную форму и залог. Письменно переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. We have already hired five people this month.

2. At the meetings you gain contacts and hear about opportunities.

3. If you're getting revenue, then you're in business.

4. What will your product look like?

IV. Задайте вопросы к выделенным словам.

1. Financing is essential for growth and expansion of a company.

2. He started to look for an exit rather than a solution at the crisis time.

3. Businesses require a lot of time and money.

4. I have learnt a lot of useful information from that website.

V. Перепишите и письменно переведите экономический текст.

How to Become an Entrepreneur

An entrepreneur is someone who creates his or her own business. You should start with thinking of a great idea. If a great idea comes to you, evaluate if it is realistic. Think of cost, manufacturing time, and popularity. Always be open to different ideas. Ask and record if people would actually buy the product. If you don't have an idea yet, it is a good start to think of your target market first. Then brainstorm a list of things like places they shop, things they like, and things you like. Narrow the list down to about three items, keeping cost, manufacturing time, and popularity in mind. Find the easiest, most realistic product.

But you can't tell if a business idea is great or terrible until you try it in a real marketplace. Years later, the successful ideas are "obviously" good, but when they first began, most people rejected them. There is always a good reason against a good idea. It doesn't really matter how good your initial idea is, because you're going to change it, anyway.

Вариант 3

I. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод существительных. Подчеркните существительные в предложениях.

1. Brands add value to the product and help to differentiate it from competitors’ product.

2. The personnel manager is trying to resolve the problem of staff turnover.

3. The company has decided to gain market share rather than make profits.

4. The purpose of his visit is to get to know the subsidiary’s management better.

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимания на формы и степень сравнения прилагательных.

1. The best strategy in business is to foresee situation.

2. The safest investment is a bank deposit, but interest on it is not high.

3. The most important function of the personnel department is the development of personnel policies, which the company has to follow.

4. Branded goods represent more reliable products than unbranded ones.

III. Перепишите, в каждом предложении подчеркните глагол-сказуемое, определите его видовременную форму и залог. Письменно переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The sales are decreasing and our company is making losses at the moment.

2. Investors will get better prices by avoiding companies that go through middlemen.

3. The company designers develop and create new products.

4. Many companies have toughened their hiring practices because they want to employ hard - working, sharp and responsible people and to avoid quick- tempered and moody candidates.

 IV. Задайте вопросы к выделенным словам.

1. A mortgage and a bank loan determine liabilities of the borrower.

2. Advertisers are trying to find innovative ways to attract consumers’ attention.

3. L’Oreal has been investing heavily in product development during the last decade.

4. The shareholders received a copy of the annual report last week.

V. Перепишите и письменно переведите экономический текст.

Market leaders, challengers and followers

In most markets there is a definite market leader: the firm with the largest market share. This is often the first company to have entered the field, or at least the first to have succeeded in it. The market leader is frequently able to lead other firms in the introduction of new products, in price changes, in the level or intensity of promotions, and so on. Market leaders usually want to increase their market share even further, or at least to protect their current market share.

In many markets, there is also a distinct market challenger, with the second-largest market share. Market challengers can either attempt to attack the leader, or to increase market share by attacking various market followers.

The majority of companies in any industry are merely market followers which present no threat to the leader. Many market followers concentrate on market segmentation: finding a profitable niche in the market that is not satisfied by other goods or services, and that offers growth potential or gives the company a differential advantage because of its specific competencies.

Требования к самостоятельной работе студентов II курса заочной формы обучения всех специальностей

Студент должен самостоятельно перевести текст объёмом 5 000 печатных знаков и составить к нему словарь (использовать газету «Moscow News» или другой источник на английском языке), знать содержание текста на русском языке.

Студент считается допущенным к экзамену, если он сдал самостоятельную работу преподавателю (в форме собеседования) и выполнил контрольную работу № 2.

Содержание экзамена

1. Чтение и перевод незнакомого экономического текста со словарём. Объём – 1 000 печатных знаков за 45 минут;

2. Выполнение грамматического задания к тексту за 20 минут;

3. Высказывание на заданную тему: «О себе», «Рабочий день», «Мой город».

Контрольная работа № 2

Для того чтобы правильно выполнить работу № 2, необходимо изучить следующие разделы курса английской грамматики:

1. Времена пассивного залога (Passive Voice). Indefinite, Continuous, Perfect.

2. Модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты.

3. Неличные формы глагола (герундий, причастия I и II, инфинитив).

4. Сложное дополнение (Complex object).

Вариант 1

I. Перепишите, в каждом предложении подчеркните глагол-сказуемое, определите его видовременную форму и залог. Письменно переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The earliest accounting records were found in the Middle East.

2. The company’s finances have been rebuilt by a new finance manager.

3. I’m sure this deal will be supported by the manager.

4. A deposit account paying interest is typically used to hold money for future needs.

II. Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Those who are in good shape can save a lot of money on life insurance.

2. You will be able to find area where you should cut your costs.

3. Credit Card debt is typically the most expensive debt we may carry.

4. The company’s policy must be flexible and easily interpreted and understood by all employees.

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Определите, какой частью речи являются подчёркнутые слова:

a) герундий;

b) причастие I, II;

c) инфинитив.

1. Directors and managers have the power and responsibility to make decisions to manage an enterprise.

2. Marketing researchers were responsible for providing the relevant information.

3. In the UK, mystery shopping is increasingly used to provide feedback on customer services provided by local authorities.

4. The franchisor is most involved in securing protection for his trademark, controlling the business concept and securing his know-how.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Подчеркните сложное дополнение.

1. The economists expect interest rates to rise next month.

2. I would like you to tell me about your impressions of the exhibition.

3. Everybody knows Mr. Decker to be the best specialist in our department.

4. We heard them discussing the sales of our new product that moment. 

V. Перепишите и письменно переведите экономический текст

Accounting

Accounting is defined as “the art of recording, classifying, and summarizing in a significant manner and in terms of money, transactions and events which are, in part at least, of financial character, and interpreting the results”.

Today, accounting is called “the language of business” because it is the vehicle for reporting financial information about a business entity to many different groups of people. Accounting that concentrates on reporting to people inside the business entity is called management accounting and is used to provide information to employees, managers, owner-managers and auditors. Accounting that provides information to people outside the business entity is called financial accounting and provides information to present and potential shareholders, creditors, government agencies, etc. Because these users have different needs, the presentation of financial accounts is very structured and subject to many more rules than management accounting.

Вариант 2

I. Перепишите, в каждом предложении подчеркните глагол-сказуемое, определите его видовременную форму и залог. Письменно переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. All policies and strategies have been discussed with all managerial personnel and staff.

2. Monetary and credit conditions in the economy were being influenced by the Central Bank.

3. Bonds will be sold to investors for organizations such as companies, governments or charities.

4. Cash is usually referred to as the «king» in finance, as it is the most liquid asset.

II. Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Over a lifetime, the savings can easily reach tens of thousands of dollars.

2. The business's policy may be used in the managers' decision-making.

3. Every organization must manage its work, people, processes, technology, etc.  in order to maximize its effectiveness.

 4. Assessments of progress should be carried out regularly by top-level managers.

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Определите, какой частью речи являются подчёркнутые слова:

a) герундий;

b) причастие I, II;

c) инфинитив.

 1. It is much more difficult to save money over a long period of time without a personal budget.

2.  Buying in bulk is not only a good way to save money it is also a good strategy for coping with and surviving emergencies.

3. Franchising is a business model used in more than 70 industries.

4. Our library has numerous useful references describing marketing, writing business plans, etc.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Подчеркните сложное дополнение.

1. We expected the goods to be delivered next week.

2. The manager wants us to introduce the changes as soon as possible.

3. I saw Alex presenting the product at the conference.

4. When we came in, we saw them signing the contract.  

V.  Перепишите  и  письменно переведите экономический  текст.

Finance

Finance is the science of funds management. The general areas of finance are business finance, personal finance, and public finance. Finance includes saving money and often includes lending money. The field of finance deals with the concepts of time, money, and risk and how they are interrelated. It also deals with how money is spent and budgeted.

One aspect of finance is through individuals and business organizations, which deposit money in a bank. The bank then lends the money out to other individuals or corporations for consumption or investment, and charges interest on the loans.

Finance is used by individuals (personal finance), by governments (public finance), by businesses (corporate finance) and by a wide variety of other organizations, including schools and non-profit organizations. In general, the goals of each of the above activities are achieved through the use of appropriate financial instruments and methodologies.

Вариант 3

I. Перепишите, в каждом предложении подчеркните глагол-сказуемое, определите его видовременную форму и залог. Письменно переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. His presentation is being listened to with great interest.

2. All employees will be paid the end-of-year bonuses.

3. A new, high-priced model of the car will have been launched by the end of the year.

4. If an employee was unjustly dismissed from his post, he can easily prove that his human rights were violated.

II. Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. A Sole trader has to invest his own capital into business.

2. Every existing customer will be able to get discounts in future.

3. A company can advertise in a variety of ways, depending on how much it wishes to spend and the size and type of audience it wishes to target.

4. I think you may take a certain risk, but you should feel responsible for the final result.

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Определите, какой частью речи являются подчёркнутые слова:

a) герундий;

b) причастие I, II;

c) инфинитив.

1. A list of comments is enclosed with the main report to demonstrate the changes undertaken by the management staff.

2. Creating a firm takes a lot of time and energy.

3. I don’t agree with the decision to postpone the meeting with our foreign partners.

4. Having hired under-age workers he broke the law.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Подчеркните сложное дополнение.

1. The director wishes the work to be done at once.

2. I know him to be a highly qualified specialist.

3. I heard them discussing the problems related to lost sales.

4. Everybody expected him to come on time.

V.  Перепишите и  письменно переведите экономический  текст.

What is management?

The work of a manager can be divided into planning (setting objectives), organizing, integrating (motivating and communicating), measuring, and developing people.

First of all, managers (especially senior managers) set objectives, and decide how their organization can achieve them. This involves developing strategies, plans and precise tactics, and allocating resources of people and money.

 Secondly, managers organize. They analyse and classify the activities of the organization and the relations among them.

Thirdly, managers practice the social skills of motivation and communication. They also have to communicate objectives to the people responsible for attaining them. They make decisions about pay and promotion. As well as organizing and supervising the work of their subordinates, they have to work with people in other areas and functions.

Fourthly, managers have to measure performance of their staff, to see whether the objectives set for the organization as a whole and for each individual member of it are being achieved.

Lastly, managers develop people – both their subordinates and themselves.

Требования к зачёту студентов III курса заочной формы обучения (специальность «Коммерция», третий год обучения)

Студент считается допущенным к зачёту, если он выполнил контрольную работу № 3.

Зачёт

1. Собеседование по теме: «Деловая корреспонденция».

Контрольная работа № 3

Для того чтобы правильно выполнить работу № 3, необходимо изучить следующие разделы английской грамматики по учебнику:

1. Условные предложения.

2. Косвенная речь. Согласование времен.

Вариант 1

I. Переведите условные предложения. Обратите внимание на конструкции с реальным и маловероятным условием.

1. They will give us the required information, if we send them an inquiry letter. 

2. If you were a manager, what would persuade you to agree to let an employee work flexible hours?

3. If there is a problem with this invoice, we will help you to correct it.

4.  The company would have given us the discount, if we had ordered more goods.

II. Перепишите предложения. Переделайте прямую речь в косвенную. Переведите переделанные предложения на русский язык.

1. The article said: «Lots of people are afraid to lose their job».

2. The president promised: «I will raise taxes on the rich».

3. He said: «The gross domestic product even rose in Europe during the third quarter».

4. I asked my boss: «Can I take two-week vacation next month? »

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения.

Dear Sirs:

We were so pleased to receive your inquiry about our equipment. You will be the one to use the equipment; therefore, it is up to you to examine and judge each piece on its own merit before making a valid decision.

Our enclosed catalogue tells the background information about the equipment. We hope that it will prove helpful and worthwhile.

Thank you so much for your letter and consideration. We feel that our equipment will meet your needs and more! Sincerely,

Вариант 2

I. Переведите условные предложения. Обратите внимание на конструкции с реальным и маловероятным условием.

1. If the goods had been sent by sea, the transport costs would have been much lower.

2. You will have more chances to get this job, if you prepare for the interview.

3. Would you open a Letter of Credit, if you didn't receive a cable of readiness of the goods for shipment?

4. Our company would have business with that firm, if we could find it reliable in every respect.

II. Перепишите предложения. Переделайте прямую речь в косвенную. Переведите переделанные предложения на русский язык.

1.The governor said: «We will never have exactly the same problems as we have this time».

2. The journalist asked: «Are you ready for the new global economy? »

3. U.S. critics claimed: «China keeps its currency artificially low by keeping its   exports cheap and undercutting international competitors».

4. The experts said: «The summit failed to convince that any real progress had been made, particularly in the currency dispute».

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения.

Dear Sir or Madam,

We intend to purchase a new office copier before the end of the fiscal year. We would like to consider an RFG copier and wonder if you have a model that suits our needs.

Our office is small, and a copier would generally be used by only three secretaries. We run approximately 3, 000 copies a month and prefer a machine that uses regular paper.

We would also like to know about your warranty and repair service.

Since our fiscal year ends June 30, we hope to hear from you soon.

Sincerely yours,

Вариант 3

I. Переведите условные предложения. Обратите внимание на конструкции с реальным и маловероятным условием.

1. Provided we improve the quality of our products we will increase the sales.

2. If our company’s share of the personal computer market increased by 10%, the result would be above our expectations.

3. If I were you, I would take their pricing policy into consideration.

4. We would have agreed to sign a new contract if you had increased our salaries by 5%.

II. Перепишите предложения. Переделайте прямую речь в косвенную. Переведите переделанные предложения на русский язык.

1. The president of the company said: «Last year our company expanded: we doubled the sales, and established a bridgehead for working overseas».

2. The manager said: «Our company wants to make an order for 500 cases».

3. The expert said: «It will take you approximately two weeks to assess the effectiveness of the test launch».

4. I asked: «Have you negotiated terms of delivery? »

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения.

Dear Sirs,

     We require for the expansion of our plant a Portable Air Compressor, Model KCE-6M, as shown on page 25 of your catalogue and would ask you to send us your quotation. The machine must be delivered complete with all essential accessories and tools together with manuals in English for service and maintenance.

     We have already received quotations from three manufacturers who are offering us compressors of a similar design, for delivery in 5-6 months. As, however, most of the equipment for our plant was purchased in Russia, we should prefer to obtain this additional machine from your organization. We should be prepared therefore to place this order with you if the Compressor could be delivered in January, 20…, at the latest and if you could quote us a competitive price.

     Yours faithfully,

Требования к самостоятельной работе студентов IV курса заочной формы обучения (ускоренный курс обучения) всех специальностей

Студент должен самостоятельно перевести текст объёмом 5 000 печатных знаков и составить к нему словарь (использовать газету «Moscow News» или другой источник на английском языке), знать содержание текста на русском языке.

Студент считается допущенным к экзамену, если он сдал самостоятельную работу преподавателю (в форме собеседования) и выполнил контрольную работу № 4.

Содержание экзамена

1. Чтение и перевод незнакомого экономического текста со словарем. Объём – 1 000 печатных знаков за 45 минут.

2. Выполнение грамматического задания к тексту за 20 минут.

3. Высказывание на заданную тему: «О себе», «Рабочий день», «Мой город».

Контрольная работа № 4

Для того чтобы правильно выполнить работу № 4, необходимо изучить следующие разделы курса английской грамматики по учебнику:

1. Имя существительное: множественное число, притяжательный падеж, словообразование, определение, выраженное существительным.

2. Имя прилагательное. Степени и формы сравнения прилагательных.

3. Местоимения: личные, притяжательные, вопросительные, указательные, неопределённые и отрицательные.

4. Активный и пассивный залог видовременных форм  Indefinite, Continuous, Perfect. Правила их образования и употребления. Способы их перевода на русский язык.

5. Способы образования вопросительного предложения.

6. Модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты.

7. Неличные формы глагола (герундий, причастие I,II, инфинитив).

Вариант 1

I. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод существительных. Подчеркните существительные в предложении.

1. Our company develops the same product for all markets regardless of existing local preferences.

2. We started tailoring the product features for each country’s national interest two years ago.

3. The shop owner has made the commitment to improve the quality of the customer service.

4. The majority of takeovers damage the interests of the shareholders of the acquiring company.  

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимания на формы и степень сравнения прилагательных.

1. The most reliable investments are those in real property that is buildings and land.

2. Competition describes the activity to sell more and be more successful.

3. Many employers believe that employees will work harder and more efficiently, and will be happier in their jobs if they become part-owners of the companies they work for.

4. The best from of advertising is probably word-of-mouth advertising, which occurs when people tell their friends about the benefits of products and services that they have purchased.

III. Перепишите, в каждом предложении подчеркните глагол-сказуемое, определите его видовременную форму и залог. Письменно переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Exorbitant measures made by our chief have not improved the situation in the company. 

2. Brands guarantee the quality of the product or service and add value to them, and consumers get this extra value for money. 

3. The company was launching a new product into the market at that time.

4. The target audience will have been identified by the end of the month.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Задайте вопросы к выделенным словам.

1. Many start-up businesses take a loan in a bank.

2. Top managers are appointed and supervised and advised by a company’s board of directors.

3. Credit cards have been sequentially launched in the Asia-Pacific region.

4. The question about adapting our product to the local markets will be included into the agenda of our meeting.

V. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Подчеркните модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты.

1. According to the agreement, we are not allowed to sever our relationship with this firm.

2. Managers should have amicable relationships with their staff members.

3. Customers can be kept if they receive a good quality product or service on their first visit.

4. Because of cutting down the number of our customers we have to improve our policy of attracting customers and try to retain them.

VI. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Определите, какой частью речи являются выделенные слова:

a) герундий;

b) причастие I, II;

c) инфинитив.

1. In case we have time tomorrow we’ll discuss a couple of crucial issues concerning our salaries.

2. Developing a new business in the environment of strong resistance is a challenge.

3. Having sold his shares he was sorry about that, when dividends increased.

4. We have no intention to order these goods.

VII. Перепишите и письменно переведите экономический текст.

Forming a Limited Liability Company (LLC)

As business entities go, Limited-Liability Companies (or «LLCs») are gaining popularity among small businesses, partnerships, and individuals, due to the attractive financial, tax, and legal benefits they afford. LLCs are relatively inexpensive to set up and maintain. You can save a few dollars and gain valuable experience by doing some of the work yourself if you are willing to accept the risks.

A business plan will help serve as a blueprint to all aspects of your business, including strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Also, it will help you understand market analysis, organization and management, and the funding required.

The name for your company must include «LLC». Generally, it is a good idea to provide some indication of the service you provide (e.g., ABC Widgets, LLC), but you should find out if it is not already registered with the state and does not violate any trademarks. And do not use your given name, e.g. «John Doe, LLC» for your business.

Вариант 2

I. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод существительных. Подчеркните существительные в предложении.

1. It is logical to suppose that things like good labour relations, good working conditions, good wages and benefits, and job security motivate workers.

2. Investment banks make their profits from the fees and commissions they charge for their services.  

3. I’m afraid, this issue can’t be discussed at my level – it deals with our company’s general policy, but I’m not a board director. 

4. The development of the key areas in the economy leads to improvement of the life standard.

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимания на формы и степень сравнения прилагательных.

1. We are loyal to many national food products such as chicken, eggs, and bread more than foreign brands because these national products are cheaper, fresher, and better in quality.

2. The more famous the brand name is, the more counterfeiters want to rip it off.

3. A CV (resume) should emphasize the most important information for the position your are seeking, that is why highlight one or two top skills, leaving the rest for the interview.

4. The aim of every company is to allocate the capital in the most judicious way.

III. Перепишите, в каждом предложении подчеркните глагол-сказуемое, определите его видовременную форму и залог. Письменно переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Many banks have become risk-averse and reluctant to lend.   

2. When employees or factory workers are unpaid they complain about their wages.

3. Many people are influenced strongly by advertising.

4. Market research is being carried out next week to determine what customers want.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Задайте вопросы к выделенным словам.

1. The Board of Directors maintains control of the company and they seem to use all possible means.

2. The company concluded an exclusive contract with the suppliers.

3. I will be writing my report for the conference during the flight.

4. Shops are losing business because e-commerce is becoming more popular.

V. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Подчеркните модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты.

1. You may reduce the price for your product and make it more competitive. 

2. If you are offered a job in a company, you should follow the company’s policy.

3. They must change their product range if they want to be competitive.

4. A corporation can issue more shares and put them on the market (stock exchange).

VI. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Определите, какой частью речи являются выделенные слова:

a) герундий;

b) причастие I, II;

c) инфинитив.

1.  People taken out of work arranged the strike affecting negatively the production process.

2. The manager is thinking of using new approaches.

3. It is necessary to provide an interpreter for the negotiations.

4. When asked how he had made a success, he shared his experience with others.

VII. Перепишите и письменно переведите экономический текст.

Mystery Shopping

Mystery shopping or a mystery consumer is a tool used by market research companies to measure quality of retail service or gather specific information about products and services.

Mystery shoppers posing as normal customers perform specific tasks – such as purchasing a product, returning purchases, asking questions, registering complaints or behaving in a certain way – and then provide detailed reports or feedback about their experiences. Tools used for mystery shopping assessments range from simple questionnaires to complete audio and video recordings. The shopper will then submit the data collected to the mystery shopping company, which reviews and analyzes the information, completing quantitative or qualitative statistical reports for the client company.

 Mystery shopping can be used in any industry, with the most common venues being retail stores, hotels, movie theaters, restaurants, fast food chains, banks, gas stations, car dealerships, apartments and health care facilities.

Вариант 3

I. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод существительных. Подчеркните существительные в предложении.

1. When things go wrong in industries it affects everyone in the country.

2. Customers are complaining about long queues, poor service and dirty cafes.

3. The firm’s core activities are acquisitions of other companies and selling them off.

4. The aim of this conference was to form a network of important business relationships.

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимания на формы и степень сравнения прилагательных.

1. The higher the tax rates, the more people are tempted to cheat, but there is a substantial “black” or “underground” economy nearly everywhere.

2. The safest investments in securities, especially for small investors, are federal government savings bonds.

3. The brand with the largest market share is the brand leader.

4. The most important function of the personnel department is the development of personnel policies, which the company has to follow.

III. Перепишите, в каждом предложении подчеркните глагол-сказуемое, определите его видовременную форму и залог. Письменно переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. After I had determined marketing needs, I started to develop a financing section in my business plan.

2. When she came to the meeting some creative ideas had already been suggested.

3. The joint venture is planning to increase the chain of stores selling food.

4. If an employee was unjustly dismissed from his post, he can easily prove that his human rights were violated.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Задайте вопросы к выделенным словам.

1. Call centers personnel uses customer data base to establish instant rapport with clients.

2. A successful operation of a company required open and clear communications within an organization.

3. The process of globalization leads to development of free trade.

4. To create the brand image the company has increased its investments in advertising.

V. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Подчеркните модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты.

1. Every main partner is to make decisions on behalf of the partnership.

2. They find out what regulations and laws they must comply with.

3. In order to achieve good results in business you should know the business strategy of your competitors.

4. Not only people in their private life, but also large companies may face a dilemma which is difficult to deal with. 

VI. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Определите, какой частью речи являются выделенные слова:

a) герундий;

b) причастие I, II;

c) инфинитив.

1. Working at the customs he watched that no illegal goods were exported or imported.

2. The results achieved by our company can revive our sluggish market.

3. To be invited for an interview you have to be included into a short list of candidates.

4. A list of comments is enclosed with the main report to demonstrate the changes undertaken by the management staff.

VII. Перепишите и письменно переведите экономический текст.

Companies

Individuals, and groups of people doing business as a partnership, have unlimited liability for debts, unless they form a limited company. If the business does badly and cannot pay its debts, any creditor can have it declared bankrupt. The unsuccessful business people may have to sell nearly all their possessions in order to pay their debts. This is why most people doing business form limited companies. A limited company is a legal entity separate from its owners, and is only liable for the amount of capital that has been invested in it. If a limited company goes bankrupt, it is wound up and its assets are liquidated (i.e. sold) to pay the debts. If the assets don't cover the liabilities or the debts, they remain unpaid. The creditors simply do not get all their money back.

Most companies begin as private limited companies. Their owners have to put up the capital themselves, or borrow from friends or a bank, perhaps a bank specializing in venture capital. A successful, growing company can apply to a stock exchange to become a public limited company (GB) or a listed company (US). Very successful businesses can apply to be quoted or listed (i.e. to have their shares traded) on major stock exchanges.