Выполнение контрольных заданий и оформление контрольных работ

1.  Каждое контрольное задание в данном  пособии дается в пяти  вариантах. Студент должен выполнить  один из  пяти вариантов в соответствии с  последними цифрами студенческого шифра:  студенты,  шифр которых оканчивается на 1 или 2,  выполняют вариант 1;   на 3 или 4 - вариант 2;  на 5 или  6 - вариант 3;  на 7 или 8 - вари­ант 4;  на 9 или 0 - вариант 5.

2. Каждую письменную контрольную работу следует выполнять в отдельной тетради (12 листов). На тетради должны быть написаны:  фамилия,  инициалы,  специальность,  шифр,  адрес студента, а также номер и вариант контрольной работы.

2. Необходимо переписывать задание, чтобы знать какое грамматическое явление отрабатывается в данном упражнении. Разбор грамматических явлений, если требуется, следует делать отдельно под английским предложением.

3. Иностранный текст каждого задания нужно переписывать на левой странице тетради,  а на правой странице давать его русский перевод.  Каждый абзац текста должен начинаться с новой строки. Ниже даётся образец расположения мате­риала в контрольной работе:

Задание располагается на весь развернутый тетрадный лист

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ  РАБОТА  № I

Вариант № 1

I. Перепишите данные ниже предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи является слово, оформленное окончанием -s,  какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно: а) показателем глагола 3-го лица ед. числа в Present Indefinite, б) признаком множественного числа существительного или в) показателем притяжательного падежа существительного. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The exhibits of the Geography Museum tell us about the history of the development of the Earth.

2. This foreign firm exhibits new machine-tools and instruments.

3. He lectures on geometry.

4. What is your friend’s profession?

II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, учитывая особенности передачи на русский язык определений, выраженных именами существительным.

1. A new town building program will help to make Moscow a model of the contemporary city.           

2. The University building houses 6 natural science faculties.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, и переведите их на русский язык.

1. Moscow today is ten times as big as before the World War I.

2. The industrial output of Moscow is 35 times greater than it was in pre-revolutionary Russia.

3. The oftener you visit the Kremlin the more you admire its architec­ture and historical monuments.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на перевод неопределенных местоимений и наречий.

1.  Is there anybody outside in the street? – No, there is nobody there, I think. I don’t see anyone there. It’s late. Everybody is at home at that time.

2.  Can anyone help me with this task? - Anyone can do it.

3.  Is anything wrong with this car? - No, everything is OK. Nothing can happen to it.

V. Перепишите данные ниже предложения, определите их видовременные формы и укажите их инфинитив; переведите предложения на русский язык.

1.  For Muscovites Red Square is one of the most beautiful places in the world.

2. The construction of Moscow's metro began in 1932.

3. Today Moscow Metro has more than 140 stations.

VI. Прочтите и устно переведите весь текст. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1, 3 и 6 абзацы текста.

Arthur Conan Doyle.

(1859-1930)

1. Arthur Conan Doyle was born in the capital of Scotland, Edinburgh. His father, Charles B. Doyle was an artist and architect by profession but he worked as a clerk in his office. The father died young and the Doyle family was very poor.

2. Arthur's mother was a very good story-teller, and her fantastic stories he remembered all his life. The talent of story-telling Arthur inherited from his mother and it helped him as a writer. During his school years he read much, and he often told his school friends long and interesting stories, getting cakes and sweets.

3. After finishing school Conan Doyle became a student of the medical faculty at the University of Edinburgh. In his third year of studies he went as a ship’s doctor to the Arctic and after graduating from the University, he again went in a ship to Western Africa.       

4. He began his medical practice in a small English Southsea town where he spent eight years.  Here in I887, he published his first detective story «A Study in Scarlet" («Этюд в багровых тонах»). Its main characters were Sherlock Holmes and Dr.Watson, and they became the most popular characters of a great many of Conan Doyle's stories.

5."A Scandal in Bohemia" opened a collection of detective stories under the title "The Adventure of Sherlock Holmes". The story was published in 1891 and soon after that Baker Street became well-known address of Sherlock Holmes.

6. All his life Conan Doyle liked sports: he skied, played golf and went in for boxing.  He died in 1930. After his death, the famous detective Sherlock Holmes, together with his friend Dr. Watson continued to be among the favorite characters of English literature; and touris­ts coming to London always go to visit Baker Street to see the house where Sherlock Holmes lived.

Вариант № 2

I. Перепишите данные ниже предложения.  Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи является слово, оформленное окончанием - s, какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно: а) показателем 3-го лица глагола ед. числа в Present Indefinite, б) признаком множественного числа существительного или в) показателем притяжательного падежа существительного.  Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1.  Mr. Dunn’s family lives in a traditional house.

2.  My friend spends evening hours in the laboratory.

3.  The manager reads the letters and answers them.

4.  This is my book and that is my sister’s one.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, учитывая особенности передачи на русский язык определений, выраженных именами существительными.

1. The railway bridge reconstruction lasted half a year.

2. Moscow University physicists solved many difficult problems.

3. Scientists used only daylight lamps in the laboratory.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения и переведите их на русский язык.

1.  He is as tall as his father.

2.  A train does not travel as fast as an airplane.

3.  The earlier you'll start working the earlier you'll finish it.

4.  He is the cleverest student in our group.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на перевод неопределенных местоимений и наречий.

1.  You can get this book at any library.

2.  No engineer can solve this problem without the help of a computer.

3. They met nobody at the station.

4.  Are there any boxes here?

V. Перепишите данные ниже предложения, определите их видовременные формы и укажите их инфинитив; переведите предложения на русский язык.

1.  He didn't know the way to the British Museum.

2.  You will see many interesting places on the way to the centre of the town.

3.  My nephew is a baby yet.

VI. Прочтите и письменно переведите на русский язык весь текст.  

Ernest Rutherford.

(1871-1937)

1. Ernest Rutherford, the famous investigator of atomic physics was recognized by his fellow scientists as a man of colossal energy and tireless enthusiasm. As he himself remarked he lived in the "heroic age of physics”.

2. Ernest Rutherford was born in New Zealand. He graduated from New Zealand University and entered Trinity College, Cambridge, in England. In 1919 be was appointed professor of experimental physics in the University of Cambridge.         

3.  E. Rutherford's early researches concerned electromagnetic waves. His experiments led him to develop a magnetic detector which at that time was the best detector of electromagnetic waves. His detector was later used by Marconi, one of the inventors of the radio, in his well-known investigations on signaling by electrical waves.

4.  E. Rutherford's big triumph began when he turned his attention to radioactivity. His brilliant researches established the existence and the nature of radioactive transformations, the electrical structure of the matter and the nuclear nature of the atom. He was one of the founders of the atomic theory of physics and creators of the first atomic model. He stated that the atom consisted of a nucleus around which electrons revolved in orbits, like planets around the sun. Rutherford was awarded the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1908.

Вариант № 3

I. Перепишите данные ниже предложения.  Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи является слово, оформленное окончанием -s , какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно: а) показателем 3-го лица глагола ед. числа в Present Indefinite, б) признаком множественного числа существительного или в) показателем притяжательного падежа существительного.  Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Our manager receives many reports every day.

2. The dark sky was full of stars.

3. They often meet their friends here.

4. He was one of the creators of this theory.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, учитывая особенности передачи на русский язык определений, выраженных именами существительными.

1. There is a bus stop not far from here.

2. He is a doctor in a children hospital.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, и переведите их на русский язык.

1. Venus is not as large as Jupiter but it is the brightest planet of the solar system.

2. One of my aunts is 2 years younger than me.

3. The more you learn, the more you know.

4. The Volga river is longer than the Oka River.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на перевод неопределенных местоимений и наречий.

1. We've run out of spare parts, go and bring some, please.

2. Any correspondence student of our university must learn at least one foreign language.

3. Have you got any questions?

V. Перепишите данные ниже предложения, определите их видовременные формы и укажите их инфинитив; переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Yesterday I met my former schoolmate and we talked a lot.

2. He will be here in 2 days.

3. Every 2 weeks he calls his parents.

4. The young man didn't say a word and left.

VI. Прочтите и устно переведите на русский язык весь текст.   Перепишите и письменно переведите 1, 2, 4 и 5-й  абзац текста.

Niels Bohr.

(1885-1962)

1.  According to the opinion of many scientists the history of modern theoretica1 atomic physics begins with Bohr’s atomic theory of 1918.

2.  Niels Bohr, the great Danish physicist, was born in Copenhagen, Denmark. In 1903 he entered   the University of Copenhagen and   in 1907 he distinguished   himself sufficiently   to receive   the gold medal of the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences.  Two years  later he received  his degree  of Master of  Science   in physics  and   in 1911 - the doctorate, for which he  had  investigated  the  electron  theory of metals.

3.  In 1912 Bohr went to work at Rutherford’s laboratory in Manchester. Working at this laboratory he created his model of the atom, retaining "the nucleus and the revolving electrons" of Rutherford’s atomic model and making use of Plank's quantum theory.

4.  Bohr's theory states that for each atom there are a series of fixed orbits in which the elections travel without emitting light. In these orbits electrons are in stationary states because their energy content does not change and they travel at uniform speed. However, disturbance by an impact or by exterior radiation may cause a temporary displacement of the electrons, and they at once try to return to the home orbit by means of jumps. Each jump is accompanied by the emission of a quantum of light.

5.  His model gave the impetus to the development of quantum mechanics. Niels Bohr received the Nobel Prize for physics in 1922. He is the author of numerous books and papers.

Вариант № 4

I. Перепишите данные ниже предложения.  Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи является слово, оформленное окончанием - S, какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно: а) показателем 3-го лица глагола ед. числа в Present Indefinite, б) признаком множественного числа существительного или в) показателем притяжательного падежа существительного.  Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. This physicist pays much attention to the complex problems.

2. This girl's name is very unusual.

3. My sister's children do well at school.

4. His brilliant researches established the existence of radio waves.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, учитывая особенности передачи на русский язык определений, выраженных именами существительными.

1.  They achieved good research program results.

2.  The reporter spoke about the successful spaceship landing.

3.  The horse was a transport animal not long ago.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, и переведите их на русский язык.

1.  The day yesterday was not as fine as it is today.

2.  He is the most outstanding politician in this country.

3. The Baikal Lake is the deepest and purest lake in the world.

4. Newton is one the greatest scientists in the world.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на перевод неопределенных местоимений и наречий.

1. I haven’t got any books on this subject.

2. Last week I got no letters.

3. There are some very good parks in our town.

4. Something is wrong with the engine.

V. Перепишите данные ниже предложения, определите их видовременные формы и укажите их инфинитив; переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. At the age of nine Dickens moved to London.

2. We'll enter the technical university in our town this year.

3. The vast territory of Russia lies in the Eastern part of Europe and Northern part of Asia.

4. Next year she will enter the college.

VI. Прочтите и устно переведите на русский язык весь текст. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1, 4 и 5-й абзацы текста.

Isaac Newton.

(1642-1727)

1. Isaac Newton, English physicist and mathematician was the culminating figure of the scientific revolution of his century. He founded higher mathematics by working out the calculus. He founded modern optics as he made experiments on breaking up the white light into the colours of the spectrum. He founded modern physics by stating the laws of motion and modern astronomy by working out the law of universal gravitation.

2. Like thousands of other students, Newton began his higher education with Aristotle's work; he also had thoroughly mastered the works of the French natural philosopher Rene Descartes and the other mechanical philosophers. The works of the 17th century chemist Robert Boyle provided the foundation for Newton's considerable work in chemistry.

3. When Newton received the Bachelor's degree in 1665, the most remarkable scientific career in the history of university education had passed unrecognized.

4. But his discoveries are not all that can be said about Newton. His manner of presenting them was even more important. In 1687 Newton published his Latin language "Principia Mathematics", the greatest single scientific book ever written, in the opinion of most scientists.  In it he presented his laws of motion, his theory of gravitation and other things, making use of mathematics and organizing everything in most brilliant manner.                            

5. Those who read the book admitted that, at last, there was a mind that was equal or superior to any of the scientists and that the world-picture he presented was beautiful, complete and rational.

Вариант № 5

I. Перепишите данные ниже предложения.  Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи является слово, оформленное окончанием - s, какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно: а) показателем 3-го лица глагола ед. числа в Present Indefinite, б) признаком множественного числа существительного или в) показателем притяжательного падежа существительного.  Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1.  She visits her sports club twice a week.

2.  Thousands of Moscow’s inhabitants live in new districts.

3.  Many of the students go in for sports.

4.  He lectures on mathematics.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, учитывая особенности передачи на русский язык определений, выраженных именами существительными.

1.  The delegation of foreign students will visit our University la­boratories tomorrow.

2. There are a lot of household goods in this shop.

3.  During its century-old history the city experienced many serious floodings.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравне­ния, и переведите их на русский язык.

1. David is one inch taller than his mother, but he is not so tall as his father.

2. The more you read the more you learn.

3. One of the most beautiful parks in London is St. James's park.

4. Practical experiment is more useful than made in the laboratory.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите следующие  предложения, обращая внимание на  перевод неопределенных местоимений и наречий.

1. In some years of hard studying you will know English well.

2. No news is good news.

3. There is something wrong with the computer, it gives no results.

4. You may take any book you like.

V. Перепишите данные ниже предложения, определите их видовременные формы и укажите их инфинитив; переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Last year I graduated from the university and began working.

2. Professor Ivanov carries out research in the field of conducti­vity.

3. Rector is the head of the University.

4. They didn’t know the way to the museum.

VI.  Прочтите и письменно переведите  на русский язык 1, 2, 4 и 5-й абзацы текста. 

Igоr Kurchatov.

(1903 - 1960)

1. Igor Vasilyevich Kurchatov a brilliant atomic physicist of our age was an outstanding organizer of research work.   He united  the forces  of great  scientific  institutions  for rapid  solving essential scientific problems, he  did  much for establishing  a powerful  technical base, significant  for  the  development of  the  atomic  nucleus   investigations.

2. I. Kurchatov was born in 1903, and in 1923 he graduated from the Crimean University, Physics and Mathematics Department. At the Baku Polytechnic Institute he was interested in investigating electrical conduction of insulators. In 1925 he went to Leningrad and entered the Physic-Technical Institute of the Academy of Sciences.

3. Initially he was interested in investigating electrical properties of crystals. This led Kurchatov to establish a new scientific field.

4. Nuclear physics drew Kurchatov's attention in 1933. He did much for the development of this branch of physics in our country. For many years he headed the Atomic Energy Institute of the Academy of Sciences. He studied the nuclear fission caused by neutron bombardment and nuclear chain reactions.

5. He was especially interested in the problems connected with the control of thermonuclear reactions and their utilization for practical purposes. Under his supervision the first Russian cyclotrons and atomic power stations were built. The first atomic ice-breaker is also among his creations.

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 2

Вариант № I

I. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. В разделе б) обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций.

a)  1. The idea of space flights is attracted the attention of the people since the remotest times.

     2.  When Mendeleyev was constructing his table he left several blanks in order to put the elements of similar properties in the same group.         

     3. The Olympic Games have a very long history.

b)  1. New achievements of Russian scientists are much spoken about.

     2. The question is not connected with the subject which is being discussed now.

     3. Newton's works are often referred to in scientific papers.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните Participle I и Participle II, установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Wood is one of the oldest materials employed in engineering constructions and devices.

2. While experimenting in their laboratory Pierre and Marie Curie discovered a new element-radium.

3. Any apparatus converting heat into mechanical work is called a heat engine.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите  предложения на русский язык.

1.  The cosmonauts’ flights proved that the man can live and work in space.

2.  The latest reports indicate that oxygen may still be found on Venus.

3.  Atomic energy must be used only for peaceful purposes.

4.  Room temperature should be from 18 to 22 degrees Celsius.

IV. Прочитайте и устно переведите на русский язык с 1-го по 7-й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 и 7-й абзацы.

Moscow.

1.  Moscow is the capital of Russia, its administrative, economic, political and educational centre. It is one of Russian's major cities with the population of about 10 million people. Its total area is about 300 thousand square kilometers.

2.  The city was founded by Prince Yuri Dolgoruky and was first mentioned in the chronicles in 1147. At that time it was a small frontier settlement. By the 15th century Moscow had grown into a wealthy city.

3.  In the 16th century, under Ivan the Terrible, Moscow became the capital of the state of Muscovite. In the 18th century Peter the Great transferred the capital to St. Petersburg, but Moscow remained the heart of Russia. That is why it became the main target of Napoleon’s attack in 1812. During the war of 1812 three quarters of the city were destroyed by fire, but by the middle of the 19th century Moscow was completely rebuilt.

4.  The present-day Moscow is the seat of the government of Russian Federation. The President of Russia lives and works here and government offices are located here, too.

5.  Moscow is one of the major industrial cities of the country. Its leading industries are engineering, chemical and light industries.

6.  Moscow is known for its many historical buildings, museums and art galleries, as well as for the famous Bolshoi, Maly and Art theatres. There are more than 80 museums in Moscow; among them are the unique Pushkin Museum and the state Tretyakov Gallery, the Andrei Rublyov Museum and many others.

7.  Moscow is a city of science and education. There аге over 80 higher educational institutions including a great number of universities and academies.

V.  Прочитайте вопрос. Какой из вариантов ответа соответствует по содержанию одному из предложений текста.

    Why did Moscow become the main target of Napoleon's attack in1812?

1. Because Moscow remained the heart of Russia.

2. Because Peter the Great transferred the capital to St. Petersburg in the 18th century.

3. Because Moscow had grown into a wealthy city.

Вариант № 2 

I. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. В разделе б) обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций.

а)  1. By the beginning of the I9th century physicists had already been able to produce powerful "artificial" magnets.

     2. The Academy of Sciences of Russia is successfully developing automatic equipment for different industries.

     3. A few years will pass, and many new towns and cities will appear on the map of our country.

b) 1. Special instruments measuring cosmic radio signals are being installed in the observatory.

     2. The scientists were offered new themes for research.

     3. Large-scale construction of hydro-electric power plants is being conducted on the Volga, Kama   and other rivers.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните Participle I и Participle II, установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1.  Having discovered the properties of the electron, scientists utilized it for the service of man.

2.  The results achieved depended on the methods used.

3.  When completed, the new building will accommodate 3 000 students.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Thanks to new automatic devices the pilot is able to land the plane safely at any time by night and different weathers.

2.  Planes could not fly without information about the weather.

3.  The results are to be shown in the tabular form.

4.  When calculating the weight of a body, we have to multiply its specific gravity by its volume.

IV. Прочитайте и письменно переведите на русский язык текст.

London.

1.  London is the capital of the United Kingdom, its economic, political and cultural center.  It is one of the world's most important parts and one of the largest cities in the world.  London with its suburbs has a population of about 12 million people.

2.  London has been a capital for nearly a thousand years. Many of its ancient buildings still stand. The most famous of these are the Tower of London, where crown jewels are kept, Westminster Abbey and St. Paul's Cathedral. Most visitors also want to see the Houses of Parliament, Buckingham Palace, the Queen's Home with its changing of the guards and many magnificent museums.

3.  Once London was a small Roman town on the north bank of the Thames. Slowly it is grown into one of the world's major cities.

4.  Different areas of London look like different cities. The West End is a rich man's world of shops, offices and theatres. The city of London is the district where most offices and banks are concentrated; the Royal Exchange and the Bank of England are here, too. The East End is the district where mostly working people live. The old port area is now called "Docklands". There are now new office buildings in Docklands, and thousands of new flats and houses.

5. During the day the whole of London is busy. At night, offices are quiet and empty, but the West End stays alive, because this is where Londoners come to enjoy themselves. There are opera houses here, several concert halls and many theatres, as well as cinemas. In nearly Soho the pubs, restaurants and night clubs are busy half night.

6. Like all big cities, London has streets, avenues and squares; it also has many big parks, full of trees, flowers and grass. In the middle of Hyde Park or Kensington Gardens you will think that you are in the country, miles away.

7. Many people live outside the centre of London in the suburbs and they travel to work in shops and offices by train, bus or underground.

V. Прочитайте вопрос. Какой из вариантов ответа соответствует по содержанию одному из предложений текста.

 Why does one of the districts of London stay alive at night?

1.  Because the City of London is the district where most offices and banks are concentrated.

2.  Because mostly working people live there.

3.  Because this is where Londoners come to enjoy themselves.

Вариант № 3

I.  Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. В разделе б) обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций.

a)  1. The apparatus will be working when you come.

     2. Engineering has reached a high stage of development and does great wonders now.

     3. Chemistry is increasingly penetrating our homes.

b) 1.  The gamma-rays are affected by a magnetic field.

     2. Elements are characterized by some properties distinguishing them from other substances.

     3. The problems connected with the construction of the new canal are being studied by a group of specialists.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните Participle I и Participle II, установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. When applied the new method helped to increase the output of the factory.

2. A neutron is a particle having the same mass as a proton, but carrying no electrical charge.

3. Hydrogen is the lightest substance known.    

III. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The work was to be finished before the metal cooled.

2. Every generation has to leave something worth-while on earth.

3. The Moon could also be used as a site for atomic and thermonuclear stations.

4.  Specialists should know the instructions very well.

IV.  Прочитайте и устно переведите на русский язык с 1-го по 6-й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 2, 3, 5 и 6-й абзацы.

Ukhta.

1.  Ukhta is one of the largest industrial centers in the Komi republic. Prospective oil and gas fields in the Ukhta region have long attracted explorers and geologists as well as enterprising businessmen. The absence of communication and roads, severe climatic conditions, impassable thick forests prevented from rapid development of the region. And only in 1920 the wealth hidden in the entrails of the earth was put to the service of people.

2.  In 1929 representative geological expedition arrived in Ukhta and started prospecting for oil. A settlement was built on the banks of the Ukhta River in the place of the first oil plant. In I943 the settlement got the status of a town. Thus new town appeared on the map of the Komi republic. The population of Ukhta has reached the number of more than 130 000 people.

3.  Nowadays Ukhta is a center of oil and gas industry in the northern part of the Republic. Ukhta supplies with gas Moscow, St. Petersburg and many other industrial cities of the country. Gas is also delivered abroad.

4. Industrial enterprises in Ukhta produce different products. The Ukhta Oil Refinery produces diesel oil, different kinds of soot, condensed gas and other products necessary for economy. There are over a dozen industrial enterprises in Ukhta: Mechanical and Repairing Plants, Housing Construction Plant, Furniture Factory and others.

5. Ukhta is also a cultural center of the region. There is a State Technical University training specialists in economics, geology and geophysics, for building, forestry, oil and gas industries. There are also colleges, lyceums, and branches of some universities.

6.  The town is constantly building and rebuilding.  The old Ukhta has been a town of wooden houses.  Now Ukhta has changed beyond recognition.  New blocks of multistoried buildings, schools, nurseries, shopping centers are being built in Ukhta. Ukhta is fast growing as a sports center.  Many sportsmen from Ukhta have won world recognition.

V. Прочитайте вопрос. Какой из вариантов ответа соответствует по содержанию одному из предложений текста.

How many industrial enterprises are there in Ukhta?

1.  There are over a dozen industrial enterprises in Ukhta.

2.  There are three technical schools in Ukhta.

3.  Industrial enterprises in Ukhta produce different products.

Вариант № 4

I. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. В разделе б) обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций.

a)  1. Many scientific institutions in Komi are successfully solving complex problems.

    2. By the beginning of the nineteenth century physicists had already been able to produce powerful "artificial" magnets.

    3. The close links between science and industry enabled the chemical industry to make a great leap forward.

b) 1. Oil products are delivered abroad.

    2. The scientists will be offered new themes for research.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните Participle I и Participle II, установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. When used for building purposes, concrete is very important.

2.  A magnet attracts only things containing iron.

3.  While burning, different substances combine with oxygen.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1.  Nuclear energy may be used to light and heat the houses, drive the mechanisms and operate the factories.

2.  We should not forget that the future is rooted in the present.

3.  When the work is done, some force has to be overcome.

4.  Specialists must know at least one foreign language.

IV.  Прочитайте и устно переведите на русский язык с 1-го по 6-й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1, 2, 3 и 5-й абзацы.

Syktyvkar.

1.  Syktyvkar, Komi's capital and centre of government, is situated on the banks of the Sysola River in the south-west part of the republic.  It was founded two hundred years ago and is the republic's largest and oldest town.  At present Syktyvkar is a modern town with wide streets, large open squares, beautiful parks and multistoried buildings.  Its 240 000 inhabitants, made up of fifty nationalities, work and live in the town. They are mainly employed in timber industry.

2.  The town is constantly building and rebuilding.  The old Syktyvkar has been a town of wooden houses.  Now Syktyvkar has changed beyond recognition.  New blocks of multistoried buildings, schools, nurseries, shopping centers are being built in Syktyvkar. It is fast growing as a sports center.  Many sportsmen from Syktyvkar have won world recognition.

3.  The Republic's capital can be proud of the Pulp and Paper Mill, the biggest in Europe. Its products are sent both in this country and abroad. Syktyvkar а1sо contains Russia’s largest textile factory as well as a number of knitwear, foodstuffs and consumer goods enterprises.           

4.  Syktyvkar is also a cultural center of the Republic. There are theatres, cinemas, exhibitions and concert halls there. The largest Komi State University, Pedagogical University, many scientific and public institutions are all located in Syktyvkar.

5.  Life in the town is like that of any large one. The children learn English, German and French at school, at Pedagogical Institute and University and each dweller of Komi does his or her best to encourage the new friends in different republics and states.

6.  Each inhabitant of Syktyvkar wants and does everything possible to develop and put to a higher level the economy, industry, culture, education or science of its native town.

V. Прочитайте вопрос. Какой из вариантов ответа соответствует по содержанию одному из  предложений текста.

      What does each inhabitant of Syktyvkar want and do?

1.  Inhabitants of Syktyvkar want and do everything possible to develop and put to a higher level the economy, industry, culture, education or science of their native town.

2.  Syktyvkar also contains Russia's largest textile factory.

3.  Each dweller of Komi does his or her best to encourage the new friends in different republics and states.

Вариант № 5

I. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. В разделе б) обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций.

a)  1.  The idea of space flights has attracted the attention of the people since the remotest time.

    2. The opening of a textile factory has given new jobs to the people of the town.

    3. The Olympic Games have a very long history.

b) 1.  The visible side of the Moon has been studied ever since Galileo invented the telescope.

     2. The town was given the name of Syktyvkar which means "a town on the Sysola River".

     3. The scientists were given new themes for their research.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните Participle I и Participle II, установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1.  There are many people employed in timber industry.

2.  Visiting Syktyvkar our quests admired its beautiful parks, wide straight streets and spacious squares.

3.  We often speak about our friends living in the south.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1.  Do you have to spend much time on your English?

2.  I must ring up the Board of Directors and find out everything about this contract.

3. As it was raining hard we had to wait for a bus.

4. Mary should pay more attention to French because she wants to enter the Faculty of Foreign Languages.

IV. Прочитайте и устно переведите на русский язык с 1-го по 4-й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1, 2 и 4-й абзацы.

Washington

1.  The United States is a federal union which is made up of fifty states and one independent district - the District of Columbia. The District of Columbia is the territory of the national capital of the USA, Washington, with its own laws and regulations. Washington, D.C. is situated on both banks of the Potomac River, between the two states, Maryland and Virginia.

2.  This place was chosen by the first American President George Washington. The plot of land of a hundred square miles was bought from private owners by the state. In 1790 George Washington laid the foundation of the Capitol where the Congress sits. The place was called the District of Columbia in honour of Columbus, the discoverer of America. The capital got the name of Washington after the name of its founder. Washington has been the federal capital since 1800.

3. Washington is sometimes called the heart of America. It is the place where the federal government works and where each President of the United States lives. The White House, the residence of the president, is the oldest structure in the capital. It is said that in1812 when England was at war with America, the British captured the city, and some of the buildings, including the Capitol and the House of the president were set on fire. In I8I4 in order to hide the marks of the fire, the brown stone walls of the president's home were painted white and it has been the "White House" ever since.

4.  Washington is smaller in size than the largest cities of the USA such as New-York, Chicago, Detroit or Los-Angeles. The population of Washington is about 11 million people.  The buildings in Washington are not very tall because no building must be taller than the Capitol. But in political sense Washington is the centre of the country and the most important city of the United States.

V. Прочитайте вопрос. Какой из вариантов ответа соответствует по содержанию одному из предложений текста.

    Why is the White House called "white"?

1.  George Washington named the House “white”.

2.  Because the brown stone walls of the president's home were painted white to hide the marks of the fire.

3.  Because it was built of white stones.