Слушатель должен выполнить один из пяти вариантов контрольной работы № 2 в зависимости от последней цифры номера зачетной книжки:                  

1, 6 – вариант № 1

2, 7 – вариант № 2

3, 8 – вариант № 3

4, 9 – вариант № 4

5, 0 – вариант № 5

ВАРИАНТ 1

1. Перепишите следующие предложения, подставляя модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты. Переведите предложения письменно:

1) What time do you usually (приходится) to get up?

2) Even though he hurt his leg, he (смог) to swim back to the boat.

3) The process of separating small amounts of the radioactive elements (может) be followed by measurements of the activity.

2. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык. Подчеркните сказуемое в страдательном залоге:

1) You will be spoken to later.

2) The lecture was followed by an interesting discussion.

3) Were many inventions which are now used every day made last century?

4) Distance is usually measured in millimeters, centimeters, meters or kilometers.

5) The photoelectric effect was discovered by Heinrich Hertz in 1887.

3. Перепишите предложения, выбрав причастие нужной формы. Предложения переведите на русский язык.

1) (Destroying, destroyed) by the Fire, St Paul’s was rebuilt in 1675 – 1710.

2) (Knowing, known) all the figures very well, he could answer our questions.

3) The fire (putting out, put out) in 4 days made many people homeless.

4. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод герундия.

1) A ruler is used for measuring dimensions.

2) Will you help me instead of giving advice?

3) We cannot keep dividing matter without reaching the stage when further subdivision is impossible.

4) Mercury has the property unusual for a metal, of being a liquid at room temperature.

5) Avoid mixing these two substances.

5. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод инфинитива.

1) To explain this simple fact is not so very easy.

2) The text to be translated is on the table.

3) We knew him to be busy.

4) The procedure to be followed depends upon the substance being tested.

5) To give a true picture of the surrounding matter is the task of natural science.

6) In order to understand the procedure, consider the following analogy.

6. Переведите словосочетания на русский язык, обращая внимание на -ing окончания:

for saving lives; increasing time; the dash was intruding; the metal literally being wrapped; we experienced difficulty removing metal while ensuring patient’s safety; helicopter assisting us; the importance of knowing techniques

7. Прочитайте текст:

Extrication rescue operation

Webster’s definition of rescue is "to free or save from danger." This definition aptly describes the core mission of the fire service. To fulfill our goals, we may be called on to save lives in many different ways. For saving lives, rescue situations are the most dramatic, and varied. Scenarios may range from a burning building to swift water. An extrication call in the fall of 1995 was the most dramatic call I have yet responded to. Prior to this call I had responded to more than 100 car accidents and never been faced with such a difficult task. This extrication involved two cars and a minivan on a bridge.

The van was severely damaged and partially over the bridge. Although the van was not ready to go over the edge, this location did cause problems by increasing time involved with stabilization efforts. The patient was in serious condition with injuries to the head, arms, legs, ankles, and feet. The driver door, the engine, and the dash were intruding into the passenger compartment. These problems were bad enough, but in addition the patient’s right foot was pinned by the brake pedal and literally stamped into the sheet metal of the floorboard.

The damage to the van required an extensive amount of work just to gain access to the patient. We removed the passenger side of the van, the door, and the top completely. We resorted to many tools to free the patient’s foot. Only one person could work from the inside at a time. Progress was painstakingly slow due to the lack of room and the metal literally being wrapped around the patient’s foot. We experienced difficulty removing the metal while ensuring our patient’s safety. EMS provided care from the onset and fortunately the patient remained stable throughout the extrication and later during surgery. Ultimately we used a spreader, cutter, sawzall, rams, air chisel, razor blade, knife, and other tools for the extrication.

On this call we had three fire departments, two ground ambulances, and a medical helicopter assisting us. Despite all of these resources and expertise we did not complete our objectives within the time that we should have. This call impressed on me the importance of knowing a wide variety of techniques and the limits and abilities of your tools. The basics cannot be stressed or mastered well enough. We must be dedicated to constantly improving our knowledge, skills, and abilities to meet the challenges that lie ahead.

Street Story by Michael Ramsey, Fire Chief

core mission – ключевая, основная задача

extrication call – выезд на высвобождение жертв, попавших в беду

dash – щиток, приборная панель

brake – педаль тормоза

EMS – экстренная медицинская помощь

spreader – расширитель, распора

sawzall – пила

ram – домкрат

air chisel – пневматическое зубило

techniques – технические приемы

8. Выпишите из текста эквиваленты на англ. языке (из задания № 7):

Определение термина “спасение”; ситуации могут быть как … так и…; на вызов прибыли; мы не справились с поставленной задачей; проблемы была осложнена; посвятить себя постоянному совершенствованию знаний; освобождение жертвы.

9. Переведите предложения на английский язык, пользуясь лексикой   текста (из задания №7):

1. Я никогда не сталкивался с такой трудной задачей.

2. У мужчины были травми ног, рук, головы.

3. При спасении людей необходимо большое количество разнообразного инструмента.

4. Все силы были направлены на локализацию пожара.

5. Он давно работает в пожарной охране и выезжал на многие случаи.

6. Места для паасажиров уже были охвачены пламенем.

10. Письменно переведите текст на русский язык

Many hotels and office buildings do not have a fixed fire protection system, relying on smoke detection and intervention of staff with back-up from fire services. However, regulations and attitudes are changing, and increasingly a fixed system is required either by law or for insurance purposes, particularly for taller buildings.

In most existing buildings the retrofitting of a conventional sprinkler system is difficult, time-consuming and expensive. This is primarily because of the additional building works required to accommodate the large bore piping, for instance lowering existing ceilings. Additionally the water discharge from conventional sprinkler systems can cause extensive damage to both building and contents.

Innovative side-wall mounted HI-FOG sprinklers can dramatically reduce the piping requirements (and installation disruption) in hotel bedrooms. All systems use small bore stainless steel tubes - normally 38mm OD for risers and only 12mm OD to the individual sprinklers. This means that installation is fast and little ancillary building work is required, so building down­time is kept to a minimum.

Marioff  has supplied a number of systems to protect both large and small hotels and offices around the world. HI-FOG sprinkler systems now protect the 300-bedroom Marriott Regents Park Hotel as well as the smaller Marriott Grand Residence Club in London. Its systems also protect a traditional wooden hotel in Norway as well as a number of hotels and apartment buildings in Italy and Scandinavia.

11. Выпишите из текста (из задания № 10) предложения с модальными глаголами. Подчеркните модальные глаголы:

12. Выпишите из текста (из задания № 10) предложения, в которых сказуемое стоит в страдательном залоге. Подчеркните сказуемое в страдательном залоге:

ВАРИАНТ 2

1. Перепишите следующие предложения, подставляя модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты. Переведите предложения письменно.

1) A firefighter (должен) to wear a uniform. It’s part of his job.

2) They (смогли) to put out the fire before much damage was done.

3) The method described above is the most accurate and (следует) be followed when greatest possible accuracy is desired.

2. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык. Подчеркните сказуемое в страдательном залоге.

1) His speech was listened to very attentively.

2) I was told that the meeting had been attended by the general.

3) Are the new inventions that our scientists are working at used in our industry?

4) Mass is measured in grams or kilograms.

5) Drums containing petrol must not be left open.

3. Перепишите предложения, выбрав причастие нужной формы. Предложения переведите на русский язык.

1) The monument (designing, designed) by Wren is 202 feet  high.

2) A (falling, fallen) piece of paper comes to the ground less quickly than a piece of wood.

3) The children came in (pushing, pushed) each other.

4. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод герундия.

1) A protractor is used for measuring angles.

2) He does not show any interest in studying law.

3) The motor kept on rotating owing to its inertia.

4) Heating copper wire from 0 to 100C increases its resistance about 40%.

5) Catalysts aid in accelerating reactions.

5. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод инфинитива.

1) The surface tension of water is strong enough to let a steel needle float on water.

2) He is the man to rely upon.

3) Pressure causes ice to melt.

4) To explain this simple fact is not very easy.

5) Metallic sodium is a white metal soft enough to be easily cut with a knife.

6) Mention is to be made of the high boiling point of this liquid.

6. Переведите словосочетания на русский язык, обращая внимание на -ing окончания:

the first arriving company; were taking protective actions; the leaking pipe; after locating the release area; smoke coming from  chemical boots; was causing a chemical reaction; prior to leaving the scene; without notifying the command officer

7. Прочитайте текст

Lack of teamwork and proper training may have bad ending

It was the start of what we call a normal day on the job, until later in the morning when an alarm for a chemical leak inside a beverage warehouse was sounded. The dispatch consisted of what we call a HAZMAT box: four engine companies, one truck company, a rescue squad, basic life support unit, HAZMAT company, and command officer. I was working at the HAZMAT company that day.

Upon our arrival, the warehouse had been evacuated and a strong odor of ammonia had already consumed the entire area surrounding the warehouse. Three hazardous materials technicians and myself entered the release area to shut off the valve to the leaking pipe. After locating the release area we located the valve and made an attempt to close the valve. While closing the valve a sudden release of gaseous and liquid ammonia covered the personnel working at and around the valve. Visibility was taken from us almost instantaneously because of the gaseous release and communications were lost between all four technicians. I was able to find my way out and noticed that my personnel were still inside the release area. Prior to making another entry to locate my personnel, I noticed a white smoke coming from my chemical boots.

After further investigation I realized that the oil-based paint from the concrete floor was causing a chemical reaction under the soles of my boots. I reentered the release area, located my personnel, and immediately withdrew from the release area to the decontamination area. Once we were refreshed, a second entry attempt was made into the release area, where we were able to locate another sectional valve and stop the leak.

Prior to leaving the scene we finally determined that prior to our arrival a firefighter had entered the release area and closed the valve without notifying command and/or hazardous materials personnel. When hazardous materials personnel entered the release area thinking that the valve was not closed, they actually reopened it, which caused the valve to freeze in the open position. No personnel were injured or exposed to the ammonia, but the incident proved to be very dangerous as a result of personnel freelancing and the lack of train­ing present at an emergency scene.

 Street Story by Gregory L. Socks, Washington County Special Operations Coordinator, Hagerstown, Maryland

beverage warehouse – склад с напитками

chemical leak – утечка химических веществ

dispatch – отправка пожарной команды по особому сигналу пожарной  тревоги

HAZMAT – наряд первой очереди для борьбы с опасными материалами

release area – место утечки

valve – вентиль, задвижка, кран

8. Выпишите из текста (задание № 7):

По прибытию на место действия; при последующем осмотре; никто из работников не пострадал; резкий выброс газа и жидкого аммиака; связь была прервана; после обнаружения места утечки; остановить утечку.

9. Переведите предложения на английский язык, пользуясь лексикой   текста (задание №7).

1. Этот случай произошел на складе напитков.

2. Когда мы прибыли на место происшествия, мы почувствовали сильный запах аммиака.

3. Пожарные сделали попытку закрыть вентиль, но не смогли.

4. Я заметил белый дым, который исходил от моих ботинок.

5. Неопытный пожарный не поставил в известность РТП о том, что он закрыл вентиль.

6. Утечка аммиака была серьёзной угрозой для жизни людей.

10. Письменно переведите текст на русский язык.

The fire risk in machine shops typically involves the accidental release of flammable liquids onto hot surfaces or live electric circuits. This could be a pressurized fuel or lubrication oil pipe or hose that ruptures and spills hot oil onto a hot exhaust manifold, for example. Because an oil fire can be so intense, a fixed fire protection system is usually necessary to reduce danger to people, equipment and buildings. A variety of fire protection agents have traditionally been used for protecting against factory fires. In large spaces, or where large volumes of flammable liquid may be released, foam or chemical-based systems have often been specified. However, these are not effective against spray fires, surrounding equipment can be damaged and special clean-up procedures are needed.

In smaller machinery spaces different kinds of gaseous extinguishing systems are often installed, but all have serious shortcomings. C02 systems are common, although there have been fatal accidents when systems have accidentally discharged during maintenance. Conventional water spray systems are not popular due to the water damage potential.

Well-engineered, high-pressure water mist systems are increasingly seen as a better solution for many factories as they provide fast extinguishing, cooling to prevent re-ignition and radiant heat absorption to prevent fire spreading and further damage. A gas-tight enclosure is not required - indeed fire tests are carried out with door openings. Water mist systems are therefore effective and safe for people, the environment and the protected equipment.

11. Выпишите из текста (задание № 10) предложения с модальными глаголами. Подчеркните глаголы.

12. Выпишите из текста (задание № 10) предложения, в которых сказуемое стоит в страдательном залоге. Подчеркните сказуемое.

ВАРИАНТ 3

1. Перепишите следующие предложения, подставляя модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты. Переведите предложения письменно.

1) Women (должны) to do military service for three years in Israel.

2) They (смогут) to finish this work in a couple of days.

3) Care (следует) be taken in the laboratory not to inhale hydrogen sulphide.

2. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык. Подчеркните сказуемое в страдательном залоге.

1) Many houses were destroyed by the earthquake; most of them have been rebuilt and many new ones are being constructed now.

2) By whom was the law of preservation of matter discovered?

3) Time is measured in seconds, minutes and hours.

4) The law can be illustrated by many simple experiments.

5) Air must be let into the cylinder of the engine because no fuel will burn without air.

3. Перепишите предложения, выбрав причастие нужной формы. Предложения переведите на русский язык.

1. The police are on the look-out for an (escaping, escaped) prisoner.

2. He believes in the power of the (speaking, spoken) word.

3. The floor was covered with (breaking, broken) glass.

4. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод герундия.

1) A thermometer is used for measuring temperature.

2) The man was arrested for robbing the bank.

3) The pores of unbaked clay are small enough to prevent bacteria from passing through.

4) The expansive force of water in freezing is enormous.

5) Scientists spent much time in trying to find this relationship.

5. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод инфинитива.

1) In order to get this book, you have to go to the library.

2) We study English to read books on our specialty.

3) She opened the door to look into the room.

4) The surface tension of water is strong enough to let a steel needle float on water.

5) The lecture to be followed by an experiment is to take place at our Institute.

6) Little or no oxygen is to be found there.

6. Переведите словосочетания на русский язык, обращая внимание на -ing окончания:

department’s training officer; while working in the office; the fire rapidly spreading; the fire was now threatening homes; I didn’t plan on this being a major incident; to cause difficult breathing; not having protective gear

7. Прочитайте текст

It is easy to be wise after the event

 As the department's training officer I served as the safety officer on all major incidents.

One afternoon while working in my office at our suppression headquarters station, I heard Engine 4 dispatched to a vegetation fire. Engine 4 arrived on the scene to report approximately one acre involved, with the fire rapidly spreading. They requested two additional engines. The paramedics I was working with decided to drive down the street to observe, as we were on the opposite side of the involved area, I decided to ride with them. I did not plan on this being a major incident and did not take any protective clothing with me.

As we approached the area across from the fire, we noticed that the fire had spread across the ravine and was now threatening homes and utility services. An engine company had laid lines, and one firefighter was attempting to put a 2-inch line into service to protect the exposures. The incident commander was calling for two strike teams. The paramedics were given an assignment to help extend lines to the right flank. I jumped in to assist with the exposure line. My protective equipment consisted of slacks, a shirt, a tie, and shoes. Within minutes we were exposed to heat and smoke thick enough to cause difficult breathing. Through the smoke an engineer brought me his turnout coat and helmet. He later gave me his turnout boots and stood at the pump panel in stockinged feet.

Not only was I completely ineffective as a safety officer, I was a safety hazard myself! By not having my protective gear, I created a safety hazard for myself and took away safety gear from another firefighter. The few minutes it would have taken for me to grab my gear would have been more than worthwhile. Our protective clothing is as essential to us as a scalpel is to a surgeon. The lesson I learned was never to respond to an incident without my safety gear and never to enter the hazard environment without it.

Fortunately, no one was injured and the fire was extinguished with no loss of structures.

Street Story by Randy Scherer, Battalion Chief, Newport Beach Fire Department, Newport Beach, California

safety officer – офицер обеспечения безопасности людей

suppression headquarters station – управление пожарной охраны

vegetation fire – горение растительности

utility services – сооружения коммунальных служб

exposure – объект, подвергающийся действию факторов пожара, происходящего поблизости

strike team – ударная команда

jumped in to assist – вызвался помочь

turnout coat – боевка (куртка)

protective clothing – защитная одежда

8. Выпишите из текста (задание № 7):

работая в своем кабинете; быстро распространяющийся пожар; проложены рукавные линии; получил задание помочь; сквозь дым; был абсолютно неэффективный; не имея защитного обмундирования; как скальпель для хирурга; никто не пострадал; без ущерба для строений;

9. Переведите предложения на английский язык, пользуясь лексикой текста (задание № 7):

1. Наше управление пожарной охраны находится на улице К.Либкнехта.

2. Пожарные прибыли на место происшествия очень быстро.

3. Огонь угрожал ближайшим постройкам.

4. Никогда не выезжайте по тревоге без защитного обмундирования.

5. К счастью, обошлось без жертв, так как спасатели прибыли вовремя.

6. Работа пожарного – помогать людям в беде, помня о собственной безопасности.

10. Письменно переведите текст на русский язык.

Passenger and freight trains provide a variety of fire risks, dependent on the type of train, and operating conditions. Train engine compartments have traditionally been fitted with fixed fire 3 systems, but passenger compartments and driver's cabins have relied on manual intervention with portable fire extinguishers.

In diesel-engine trains the fire risk in the engine compartment normally involves the accidental release of diesel or lubrication oil onto nearby hot surfaces such as a hot exhaust manifold. On electric trains the risk is from overheating of electric motors or ancillary equipment.

The objective of a fixed fire protection system in a train is therefore to extinguish engine fires, and suppress any fire in the passenger compartment and driver's cabin without comprising safety of staff or passengers. Systems must be robust enough to withstand constant movement, vibration and possible vandalism. They should not harm the environment, nor damage sensitive electronics and electrical equipment.

Engine compartments in trains have traditionally been protected with Halon or foam systems. Some of the Halon systems still exist, but many have been replaced with other gaseous agents.

Fixed fire protection systems are not common in passenger compartments, but conventional low-flow sprinklers have been fitted in rare instances.

As Halon has continued to be phased out for environmental reasons alternative gaseous agents have been used, although systems do not provide cooling to prevent re-ignition and may be ineffective if enclosure integrity is not maintained.

Foam systems can damage surrounding equipment and special clean-up procedures are needed. In passenger compartments conventional sprinklers have not proved popular as the amount of water needed to be effective has meant much additional weight.

11. Выпишите из текста (задание № 10) предложения с модальными глаголами. Подчеркните глаголы.

12. Выпишите из текста (задание № 10) предложения, в которых сказуемое стоит в страдательном залоге. Подчеркните сказуемое.

ВАРИАНТ 4

1. Перепишите следующие предложения, подставляя модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты. Переведите предложения письменно.

1) We (не смогли) to get there in time.

2) This problem (должна будет) to be discussed next time.

3) Many compounds (могут) be decomposed when they are heated.

2. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык. Подчеркните сказуемое в страдательном залоге.

1) The bridge was being repaired when they came there.

2) He felt that he was being followed.

3) As German was constantly spoken around him, he soon became familiar with the language.

4) Flammable liquids should be kept out of reach of children.

5) Acids may not be kept in plastic containers.

3. Перепишите предложения, выбрав причастие нужной формы. Предложения переведите на русский язык.

12.The students are (interesting, interested) in learning more about the subject.

13.I heard some (surprising, surprised) news on the radio.

14.We read a (shocking, shocked) report yesterday on the number of children who die at fires.

4. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод герундия.

1) An ammeter is used for measuring electric current.

2) She was sorry for having missed a few classes.

3) On carrying out this experiment, Faraday discovered electromagnetic induction.

4. On heating solutions of the sodium salt decompose.

5. Upon being heated to a high temperature many metallic compounds are decomposed.

5. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод инфинитива.

1) This is a good place to work in.

2) The lecture to be followed by a film will take place at 7.

3) There were many problems to be solved in order to understand this phenomenon.

4) There were many problems to be solved in order to understand these phenomena.

5) It takes the rays of the sun 8 minutes to get to the earth.

6) The substance to be analyzed should be pure.

6.  Переведите словосочетания на русский язык, обращая внимание на –

ing окончания:

there would be some scarring; he was beginning to feel some pain; crawling on hands and knees; the coats were smoking; he began patting the smoking gear; debilitating burns; to quit doing that

7. Прочитайте текст

Mom, it’s my job

I was at work one day when the phone rang. The caller stated that my son Scott, who happens to be both a career and volunteer firefighter, was injured at a fire on his career job. I was informed that Scott had some burns on his shoulders and hand, where there would be some scarring, and that he would miss a shift or two, but he would be O.K.

I left work early to coincide with Scott's arrival at home. He had large bandages around his shoulders and his hand, and he was beginning to feel some pain. We talked about the fire, and he told me it was a typical garden apartment-type fire and that his company had been assigned on automatic mutual aid. He and his lieutenant were in search mode because residents reported an 11 -year-old boy  was trapped. Their backup line was right behind them, but it was not quite ready and they were; seconds became hours!                      
During their search, crawling on hands and knees to stay below the heat and smoke as they had learned, Scott felt something very hot on the back of his right hand, a sharp pain. He turned to his lieutenant and both of them shouted at the same time, "Let's get out of here now, it is too hot! » They exited quickly.

They were "greeted" at the door, and their coats were smoking and discolored around the shoulders. The firefighter at the door began patting the smoking gear, stating it was on fire. They both ended up with second-degree burns on both shoulders, and the hand burn resulted from the inside Nylon label on the gloves melting, even though they were compliant gloves!

The good news is that the properly designed and worn personal protective clothing prevented serious injuries, maybe even third-degree, debilitating burns. The coats, pants, and gloves could be replaced, but the scar tissue is still there.

As Scott's parents, it was a difficult day for both of us, and emotions were running high. I think sometimes we forget how our choice to be a member of the fire service can have such an impact on our family members. His mother was very concerned about the inevitable scarring and strongly suggested that he really needed to quit doing that! Scott looked her in the eye and with deep conviction in his voice stated,  «Mom, it's my job»

Street Story by F. C. (Fred) Windisch, Fire Chief, Ponderosa VFD,   Houston, Texas

scarring – рубцы

automatic mutual aid – автоматическое взаимодействие

search mode – режим поиска

backup line – резервная (дублирующая) рукавная линия

scar tissue – рубцовая ткань

quit doing smth. – бросить  что - либо делать

state – заявлять, констатировать

8. Выпишите из текста (задание № 7):

Когда зазвонил телефон; мне сообщили, что ...; он начал чувствовать боль; секунды превратились в часы; они оба закричали; их одежда дымилась; ожоги второй степени; серьезные травмы; наш выбор стать членом пожарной охраны; настоятельно предлагала бросить работу

9. Переведите предложения на английский язык, пользуясь лексикой   текста (задание №7):

1. Я являюсь членом добровольной пожарной охраны.

2. Люди получили многочисленные травмы на пожаре.

3. Нам сообщили о детях, оказавшихся в ловушке на 12этаже здания.

4. Защитный костюм может уберечь от серьезных ожогов.

5. Первым делом, боевой расчет пошел в разведку.

6. Он неожиданно почувствовал резкую боль в плечах.

10. Письменно переведите текст на русский язык.

Recent advances in water mist fire protection technology now allow the introduction of fixed systems to protect all parts of trains - engine spaces, passenger compartments and freight wagons. In engine compartments water mist can provide fast extinguishing and cooling without clean-up or environmental problems. In passenger compartments and freight wagons water mist systems can provide fast and efficient suppression without undue weight penalties.

Marioff's train protection system is using a lightweight self-contained air-driven pump unit fitted underneath one of the carriages. Discrete HI-FOG 'vandal-proof spray heads are fitted in the passenger compartment and driver's cabin in each carriage. The system can also protect the engine compartment.

The pump unit is designed to operate even under high vibration conditions and incorporates a water tank and easily replenished air cylinders so maintenance and recharging are easy. Because of the small amount of water discharged the system does not harm sensitive electronics or electrical equipment.

If only engine compartment protection is required Marioff will provide a pre-engineered self-contained pressure cylinder system that is simple and needs no electric power. This operates for a short duration, typically 10 minutes, and provides cooling to prevent re-ignition and radiation blocking to protect other equipment in the compartment.

Specialized high-performance HI-FOG systems have also been designed to protect railway freight wagons that provide a high fire risk.

11. Выпишите из текста (задание № 10) предложения с модальными глаголами. Подчеркните глаголы.

12. Выпишите из текста (задание № 10) предложения, в которых сказуемое стоит в страдательном залоге. Подчеркните сказуемое.

ВАРИАНТ 5

1. Перепишите следующие предложения, подставляя модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты. Переведите предложения письменно.

1) To make the air hot enough, the Diesel engine (должен) to use higher pressure than the petrol engine.

2) He (не сможет) to do it alone.

3) The recognition that isotopes (могут) exist was first forced upon chemists from the study of the radioactive elements.

2. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык. Подчеркните сказуемое в страдательном залоге.

1) This new machine is much spoken about.

2) They have been supplied with all necessary firefighting equipment.

3) The report will be followed by a discussion.

4) Passengers are not allowed to smoke in cabins.

5) Water cannot be used for putting out electrical fires.

3. Перепишите предложения, выбрав причастие нужной формы. Предложения переведите на русский язык.

1) Last year I read his book (translating, translated) into Russian.

2) He doesn’t understand these instructions. He is (confusing, confused).

3) The floor was covered with (burning, burnt) paper.

4. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод герундия.

1) A voltmeter is used for measuring electrical force.

2) The company specializes in manufacturing fire equipment.

3) Phosphine is prepared by heating white phosphorus in a concentrated solution of sodium hydroxide.

4) Sulphur is hardened by being mixed with a little copper.

5) Phosphorus burns in chlorine without being lighted.

5. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод инфинитива.

1) The intention of the author is to show some new methods.

2) The first scientist to discover this phenomenon is N.

3) He is considered to be one of the best in his profession.

4) Crookes was the first to recognize the cathode rays as negatively charged particles.

5) It is usually rather difficult to get nitrogen to combine with other elements.

6) The effect is too small to be detected.

6. Переведите словосочетания на русский язык, обращая внимание на -ing окончания:

fire venting out of; arriving chief; entering the cockloft; the task of stretching a 2 ½ inch handline; by supporting the firewall; preventing further horizontal fire spread; working under a controlled command system; carrying out the assignments; knowing the proper application;

7. Прочитайте текст

He works best who knows his trade

The Monroeville Fire Department's Rescue team arrived at the scene of an apartment building in the early morning hours to find heavy smoke and fire venting out of a basement apartment. The building was a garden apartment structure with two storeys in the front and three in the rear because of the topography, since it was built into a hillside. Each floor had four apartments between stairwells. Firewalls or separation walls protected each stairwell. The basement apartment was fully involved in the rear. The crew stretched a preconnected 1,5-inch hoseline through the front door and down the steps to attack the fire and protect the interior.

The other first-alarm units arrived and began normal fire ground operations, search and rescue, water supply, ventilation, and secondary fire attack lines. The arriving chief quickly ordered the second alarm.

Upon my arrival, on a second-alarm engine, the fire had autoextended up the rear of the building, entering the cockloft, and was venting through the roof in several areas. The third alarm was sounded. We were assigned the task of stretching a 2-inch handline up the southern stairwell, pulling the ceiling, and supporting the firewall. By supporting the firewall, I mean we were to ensure that the fire did not get past us into the next set of apartments. A second engine company with a 1-inch handline assisted us. Although an uncommon procedure today, we operated for the duration of our SCBA bottles, exited for fresh bottles twice, and returned.

After our third SCBA bottle we exited the building and were told to take a break. By this time the fire was under control, forward extension stopped, and the fire would just require overhaul. It was daybreak. The scene in the daylight was impressive. At the height of the fire, three elevated master streams had operated over the main body of fire while six hand-lines supported interior firewalls, preventing further horizontal fire spread.

What I saw and experienced reinforced everything I had learned from fire academy instructors and through training. For a safe and effective outcome, the suppression of fires requires a coordinated attack, with crews working under a controlled command system and all personnel carrying out the assignments given them. Firefighters must understand the importance of fire suppression techniques and understand the role they play on the fire scene. At this fire, spread was prevented by the incident commander knowing the proper application of fireground tactics and the firefighters understanding suppression methods, application of water, and working as a team.

Street Story by James Angle, Chief, Palm Harbor

Fire Department, Palm Harbor, Florida

basement apartment – квартира на цокольном этаже

garden apartment structure – жилое строение в саду

firewall -брандмауэр

first alarm –первый сигнал пожарной тревоги

autoextend – самораспространиться (об огне)

handline – рукавная линия небольшого диаметра

SCBA bottle – баллон дыхательного аппарата автономного действия

master stream – сплошная струя

suppression – тушение пожаров

fireground tactics – противопожарная тактика

suppression methods – способы тушения

8. Выпишите из текста (задание № 7):

Между двумя лестничными клетками; баллон дыхательного аппарата; поиск и спасение людей; узнал от преподавателей пожарной академии и посредствам тренировок; предотвратить последующее распространение огня; мне была поставлена задача; правильное применение пожарной тактики.

9. Переведите предложения на английский язык, пользуясь лексикой   текста (задание №7):

1. При тушении пожара была использована предварительно присоединенная полуторадюймовая  рукавная линия.

2. Огонь проник на мансарду и уже начал пробиваться сквозь крышу в нескольких местах.

3. Продолжительность работы баллонов дыхательного аппарата составляет 20 минут.

4. Сообщалось о нескольких жертвах этого пожара.

5. Главный очаг пожара находился в дальнем конце строения.

6. Главным фактором успеха были совместные усилия всей команды.

10. Письменно переведите текст на русский язык.

A HI-FOG system for protecting passenger trains consists of a self-contained GPU (gas-driven pump unit) fitted underneath one of the carriages, spray heads, interconnecting tubing and necessary selector valves. Small bore stainless steel tubes are used in the carriages to connect to the ceiling mounted spray heads. The system is interconnected between carriages by armored hoses. Water and compressed air volumes are determined after discussions with the client as to the 'worst-case' event and required discharge time.

The HI-FOG passenger train system uses a separate fast-acting detection system to give a signal that locates the fire. The system must  normally be activated by the driver, but is set to operate automatically when the train is not in operation.

A HI-FOG system for protecting only the engine compartment will consist of a MAU (machinery accumulator unit) mounted in the locomotive, spray heads and interconnecting tubing. This is activated automatically with manual over-ride from the driver as an option.

Marioff has supplied a number of HI-FOG systems to protect three and five car trains operated by Madrid Metro. Extensive full-scale fire tests were carried out to ensure an efficient system with minimal water usage. In addition, equipment was tested to ensure capability of withstanding the rigorous operating conditions. The final system design was developed in partnership with Madrid Metro who insisted on reliability and stand-alone capability as being key elements.

Water mist can be the ideal solution for fixed fire protection of all areas on trains. The technology combines optimum suppression performance with lightweight. Water mist is safe for people, equipment and the environment.

11. Выпишите из текста (задание № 10) предложения с модальными глаголами. Подчеркните глаголы.

12. Выпишите из текста (задание № 10) предложения, в которых сказуемое стоит в страдательном залоге. Подчеркните сказуемое.